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交货条件
交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写)
装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered shep) 交货时间 time of delivery
定程租船voyage charter; 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船time charter
托运人(一般指出口商)shipper,consignor
收货人consignee
班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter
舱位shipping space 油轮tanker
报关clearance of goods 陆运收据cargo receipt
提货to take delivery of goods
空运提单airway bill 正本提单original B\\L
选择港(任意港)optional port
选港费optional charges
选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或 optional charges for Buyers account
一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment
一月底装船 shipment not later than .或shipment on or before .
一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment
在......(时间)分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots
在......(时间)平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots
分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments
分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments
立即装运 immediate shipments
即期装运 prompt shipments
收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C
允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted
partial shipment not unacceptable
交易磋商、合同签订
订单 indent 订货;订购 book; booking
电复 cable reply 实盘 firm offer
递盘 bid; bidding 递实盘 bid f，
还盘 counter offer 发盘(发价) offer
发实盘 offer firm 询盘(询价) inquiry; enquiry
指示性价格 price indication
速复 reply immediately
参考价 reference price
习惯做法 usual practice
交易磋商 business negotiation
不受约束 without engagement
业务洽谈 business discussion
限**复 subject to reply **
限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here **
有效期限 time of validity
有效至**: valid till **
购货合同 purchase contract 销售合同 sales contract
购货确认书 purchase confirmation
销售确认书 sales confirmation
一般交易条件 general terms and conditions
以未售出为准 subject to prior sale
需经卖方确认 subject to sellers confirmation
需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation
贸易方式
INT (拍卖auction) 寄售consignment
招标invitation of tender
投标submission of tender
一般代理人agent 总代理人general agent
代理协议agency agreement
累计佣金accumulative commission
补偿贸易compensation trade
(或抵偿贸易)compensating/compensatory trade
(又叫：往返贸易) counter trade
来料加工processing on giving materials
来料装配assembling on provided parts
独家经营/专营权exclusive right
独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement
独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency;
exclusive agent
品质条件
品质 quality 原样 original sample
规格 specifications，
说明 descrīption 对等样品 countersample
标准 standard type 参考样品 reference sample
商品目录 catalogue 封样 sealed sample
宣传小册 pamphlet 公差 tolerance
货号 article No. 花色(搭配) assortment
样品 sample 5% 增减 5% plus or minus
代表性样品 representative sample
大路货(良好平均品质)fair average quality
商检仲裁
索赔 claim 争议disputes
罚金条款 penalty 仲裁arbitration
不可抗力 force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal
产地证明书certificate of origin
品质检验证书 inspection certificate of quanlity
重量检验证书 inspection certificate of weight (quantity)
**商品检验局 **commodity inspection bureau (*.)
品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate
数量条件
个数 number 净重 net weight
容积 capacity 毛作净 gross for net
体积 volume 皮重 tare
毛重 gross weight
溢短装条款 more or less clause
外 汇
外汇 foreign exchange 法定贬值 duation
外币 foreign currency 法定升值 ruation
汇率 rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate
国际收支 balance of payments 硬通货 hard currency
直接标价 direct quotation 软通货 soft currency
间接标价 indirect quotation 金平价 gold standard
买入汇率 buying rate 通货膨胀 inflation
卖出汇率 selling rate 固定汇率 fixed rate
金本位制度 gold standard 黄金输送点 gold points
铸币平价 mint par 纸币制度 paper money system
国际货币基金 international monetary fund
黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve
汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuatio
要求按现金提货方式装运订货
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your order dated 28 April for 40 widgets. We would like to arrange for immediate shipment. Unfortunately, we do not have sufficient credit information to offer you open account terms at this time. Would it be acceptable to ship this order cash on delivery?
If you wish to receive open account terms for your next order, please provide us with the standard financial statement and bank reference. This information will be held in the strictest confidence.
We look forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
延迟付款
Thank you for your letter dated 24 March. We are very sorry to hear about your company’s current financial problems.
We have considered your request to delay payment of your outstanding balance of US$ until 1 May of this year. We are happy to tell you that we can agree to your proposal.
We must add, however, that this preferential treatment is being given only because of your current circumstances. It cannot be taken as a precedent for our future commercial relationship.
We wish you better times ahead.
确认供货
As a result of our recent exchange of information, we have a strong interest to work with your proposal.
Please see the following terms and conditions as a confirmation of the start of our business relationship.
Product Name:
Spec. Number:
Quantity:
Price:
Packing:
Payment:
We hope that this first transaction will come to a successful conclusion for both of us. We look forward to continuing a mutually beneficial trade between our companies.
Yours faithfully,
回复 询盘 告知无货
Referring to your letter of 5 June, we very much regret that we are unable to make you an offer for the goods you demand. The reason is that the product you need has been out of stock. What’s more our manufacturers have declined orders because of shortage of raw materials.
We shall, however, file your inquiry and cable you our offers as soon as we have got supplies.
我方收到贵公司6月5日来函，但非常遗憾，我方无法对贵方所需产品报盘。其原因是，此货品在我处已经脱销。而且，由于原料短缺，生产厂家已经拒绝了我方订单。
我方已将贵方询函备案，一经有货，我方将以电报报盘。
回复 询盘 ，量大折价
We are pleased to receive your letter of 5 July and enclose our catalogue and price list. Also by separate post we are sending you the samples of our products. Our catalogue contains items and their specifications of our supplies. Through comparing our prices with those of other suppliers, you will appreciate the moderate prices of ours. For a total purchase of not less than 100,000 and not more than 200,000 American dollars, we would allow a discount of 10% and for a purchase larger than 200,000 American dollars, we would allow a 20% special discount.
很高兴收到贵公司7月5日来函。现寄上产品目录与价目表。同时另封寄去样品，请查收。
所寄产品目录包括本公司产品的品名、规格。与其他厂商的价格比较，我方的报价定会使贵方满意。
凡总定购量超过100,000美元但不足200,000美元者，我方将给予10%的折扣;凡总定购量超过200,000美元者，我方将给予20%的折扣。
如何追问买方意见
In reply to your inquiry we sent you on May 25 a copy of illustrated catalog of our electric products. As we have not heard from you since, we would like to ask whether you have had received our reply and what opinion you have on our products. We are always ready to serve you and should be grateful for your reply.
在5月25日我方对贵方询函的回函中，已寄去本公司电器产品的附图目录。因迄今尚未接到贵方的消息，特致函询问，贵方是否已收到我方回函，并征求贵方对本公司产品的意见。我方随时愿意效劳，若承蒙贵方惠赐回函，当不胜感激。
如何询问参展条件
From yesterday’s Morning Paper we have learned that you are now taking applications from exhibitors for the 2000 Canton Fair. We hope you would send us a copy of detailed conditions for application, such as size of each booth, fees for rent, and time schedule for moving in, etc., as well as the time limit for application.
从昨天《晨报》上获悉，贵单位正在征集“20 广交会 ”的参展申请。希望贵方能将展位大孝租用展位价格、进场时间、最迟申请日期等详细情况通知我方。
说明价格调整原因
I enclose our new price list , which will come into effect ,from the end of this month. You will see that we have increased our prices on most models. We have ,however , refrained from doing so on some models of which we hold large stocks. We feel we should explain why we have increased our prices. We are paying % more for our raw materials than we were paying last year. Some of our subcontrac tors have raised their by as much as %. As you know , we take great pride in our machines and are jealous of the reputation for quality and dependability which we have achieved over the last years. We will not compromise that reputation because of rising costs. We hope, therefore decided to raise the price of some of our machines. We hope you will understand our position and look forward to your orders.
现谨附上本公司新价格表，新价格将于本月底生效。除了存货充裕的商品外，其余大部分货品均已调升价格。是次调整原因是原材料价格升幅上涨%□，一些承包商的价格调升到%。 过去年，本公司生产的机器品质优良性能可靠。今为确保产品质量，唯有稍为调整价格。上述情况，还望考虑。愿能与贵公司保持紧密合作。
回复感谢信
We greatly appreciate your letter describing the assistance you received in solving your air-conditioning problems. We are now in our fifty year of operation, and we receive many letters like your indicating a high level of customer satisfaction with our installation. We are pleased that our technical staff assisted you so capably. We would like you to know that it you need to contact us at any time in the future. Our engineers will be equally responsive to your request for assistance. If we can be of service to you again, please let us know. Thank you again for your very kind letter.
承蒙来信赞扬本公司提供的空调维修工程服务，欣喜不已。五年前开业至今，屡获客户来函嘉奖，本公司荣幸之至。欣悉贵公司识技术人员的服务，他日苛有任何需要，亦请与本公司联络，本公司定当提供优秀技师，竭诚效劳。在此谨再衷心感谢贵公司的赞赏，并请继续保持联络。
请客户征询其它公司
Thank you for your enquiry of May concerning silk blouses. We regret to say that we do not manufacture clothing to your own designs to the highest European standards: Swan Textiles corporation The industrial zone Shekou We supply the factor with all their silk materials, I enclose a swatch of our stock materials for your examination. Should you desire any of these samples made up into finished products , we can supply the swan factory with them. We hope that this will be of help to you and wish you every success in your business dealings.
谢谢月月日来函查询关于纡绸罩衫的事宜。 本公司只生产纡绸布料，供应纺织品批发商和制造厂家，并没有制造成衣，因而未能接受贵公司订货，谨致万分歉意然而，本公司乐意推荐本地一家生产优质男装的工厂，相信可按贵公司设计的款式制造符合欧洲最高标准的服装：蛇口工业区天鹅纺织品公司。 该厂的丝绸布料全由本公司供应，随函了什样本以供查阅，如贵公司认为适合，本公司乐意负责供应所需布料。愿上资料对贵公司有所帮助。 谨祝生意兴隆，事事顺达。
改善服务
Thank you for your letter of January. I apologize for the delivery problems you had with us last month. I have had a meeting with our production and shipping managers to work out a better system for handling your account .We know we made a mistake on your last order . Although we replaced it for you. we want to make sure it does not happen again. We have devised the enclosed checklist to use for each of your future order. It includes your firm's particular specifications, packing requirements and marking instructions. I believe can service your company better and help you operations run more smoothly with this safeguard. Please contact us if there are any additional points you would like us to include.
感谢月日来信。对上月贵公司更换所需货品，唯恐类似事件再发生，本公司生产运输和出口部经理已商议制订更有效方法处理贵公司事务，并为此特别设计清单。 随信奉上该清单，供贵公司今后订货之用。当中包括特殊规格包装要求和樗说明等栏目，相信此举有助本公司提供更佳服务，促进双方合作。如欲增设任何栏目于该清单上，恳求惠示。
拒绝客户的要求
Thank you for your enquity of are always pleased to hear from a valued regret to say that we cannot agree to your request for technical information regarding our software security fact is,that most of our competitors also keep such information private and sincerely hope that this does not inconvenience you in any there is any other way in which we can help. do not hesitte to contact us again.
月日信收悉，谨此致谢。 来信要求本公司提供有关软件保密系统的技术资料，但鉴于同行向来视该等资料为机密文件，本公司亦不便透露，尚祈见谅。我真诚地希望这样不会对贵公司造成不便。如需本公司协助其他事宜，欢迎随时赐顾垂询。 祝业务蒸蒸日上!
应付难办的客户
We have been doing business together for a long time and we value our relationship of late, we have not been able to provide the kind of service we both want. The problem is that your purchasing department is changing orders after they have been placed. This has led to confusion and frustration for both of our companies. In several instances. you have returned goods that were originally ordered. To solve the problem , I propose that on receipt of an order, our sales staff contact you to verify it. If you decide on any changes, we will amend the order and fax you a copy so that you can check it. I trust this system will cut down on delays and errors, and allow our operations to run smoothly.
承蒙多年惠顾，本公司感激万分。然近来合作出现问题，令服务水准未能符合对方要求，本公司为此提忧不已。 贵公司采部发出定单后，再三更改内容;更有甚者，屡次退回订购之货品，导致了双方公司工作中的混乱和困惑。为避免问题日趋严重，特此在接到定单后，由本公司销售人员与贵公司复核。若需作出改支，本公司把定单修改后电传副本，供贵公司查核。 盼望上述办法经受减少延误，促进双方业务发展。
祝贺新公司成立
It has just come to our attention that you have lately opened your new European headquarters in Brussels. Congratulations on your bold venture. As you know , our companies have had a long business association in the UK. We look forward to collaborating with you in your European venture. Please let us know if we can be of any assistance to you. We will be delighted to help. We wish you the very best of luck and a prosperous future
非正式的预约要求
Could we meet some time this month to discuss the hypermarket proposal? We want to make decision by the beginning of next month. We would very much like to hear your thoughts before we make any definite plans. Could you choose a venue for the meeting? I can fly to London any time, Perhaps you would prefer Lyon or Paris? I leave it to you to choose. I look forward to seeing you again.
您好!未知能否于本月会面，商谈有关特大自助市场的建议呢?我们准备于下月初作出最后决定。在未订下明确计划之前，希望能咨询的意见。敢问能否选定会面地点?在伦敦巴黎或里昂商谈都可以，悉随尊便。 期待与您见面。
物色代理商
Our company manufactures a range of printing presses that are used successfully by companies in over countries. A product specification brochure is enclosed. We are considering expanding our products to new markets and we would appreciate you assistance. In particular , we would like to identify the best agents who are currently serving the printing industryin your region. We are looking for organizations which conduct their business in a truly professional manner. They must be fully conversant with thetechnical side of the printing industry and have a comprehensive understanding of all the features of the lines they represent. We would be very grateful if you could take a few moments to send us the names of three or four organizations that match our shall then contact them to explore the possibility of establishing a mutually acceptable business relationship. Thank you very much for your time and consideration in this matter.
本公司生产的一系列印刷机，获二十多个国家的公司采用。随函附上产品规格说明书，谨供参考。 现为该产品开拓新市场，希望得知贵地区从事印刷工业的代理商资料。如蒙贵公司协助，将不胜感激。如能拨冗寄来数个符合上述要求代理商商号，则感激不尽。本公司将与其联系，研究能否建立互惠互利折业务关系。 右蒙惠告，不胜感荷!
欢迎新代理商
I would like to welcome you to our organization. We are very pleased to have you on our ream. I know that you will be equally proud of our products. Our European sales Representative, Antoine Gerin , will be in touch with you at regular intervals. Please feel to call him any time you have a problem, If I can regular intervals. Please feel free to call him any time you have a problem. If I can ever be of service, please call me. I am planning a trip to France next month, and I am looking forward to meeting you. In the meantime, the best of luck with our product line.
欢迎加入本公司成为我们的一分子。相信您也会以本公司的产品为荣。欧洲销售代理安东尼・格林会定期与联络，遇有问题可与他商讨。若有其他需要，欢迎向我提出。 下月我将赴法国一游，期望能与您会面。谨祝产品销量节节上升。
要求约见
Would you be interested in stocking a radical new departure in laptop computers? I would very much like to brief you on this great innovation. Could we make an appointment? The machine is the same size as most laptops but comes with some totally new features. The retail price will undercut its nearest competitor by at least %.I shall be in the UK from September to October. If you would like to know more, just fax or telex me.
贵公司有没有考虑配置最新型号的手提电脑?本公司诚意推介该崭新产品，盼能预约时间作一介绍。 该电脑体积和同类电脑相仿，但配备多项先进功能。其零售价较同类产品便宜%以上。本人将于月日至月日逗留英国。如蒙拨冗了解该产品资料，烦请函复。
拒绝约见
Thank you for your letter of July regarding your new laptop computer. I regret to say that we cannot agree to your request for an appointment. We currently have the sole agency for another computer company, Under the terms of the contract , We are barred from stocking any other company's products. The sole agency comes under review in six months' time . Contact us then and we may be able to consider your new product.
月日有关新型号手提电脑函收悉。 本公司暂未能安排会面，深感歉意。现时正为另一家电脑公司提任独家代理，根据合约条款，不得销售别家电脑公司的产品。该代理权将于六个月后期满。届时烦请再作联系，共商贵产品代理事宜。
同意约见
Thank you for your letter of September. I note that you will bein the UK during the whole of November. We are quite interested by the fashion knitwear illustrated in yourcatalogue. As a fashion Chain. We might consider having some of our own designs manufactured in China. Please let me know when you would like to call on us. The week beginning November would suit me best. I look forward to meeting you and discussing this matter.
感谢月日的来信。欣闻阁下将于月逗留伦敦一个月，望到时能拨冗相会。本公司对贵公司商品目录中的针织时装深感兴趣。现正研究设计款式，在中国制造后寄本公司时装连锁店发售。 如能于月日或其后数天抽空来访，当感激不尽。 期待与您会面，商讨有关事宜。
如何表达在涨价前订货
Thank you for your letter of October 10 for business copiers. We are now sending you our price-list and catalog of the newest types that are under production and we can supply at once from stock.
We want to notice you that prices of copier parts and components have gone up steadily since the second half of the year. Though we have tried hard to keep our quotations down, we are afraid the margin for keeping on going like this will not long. Therefore, we suggest that you will let us have your order before further rises in costs, which will lead to a raise in prices very soon unavoidably.
感谢贵方10月10日关于商用复印机的询函。现随函奉送本公司正在生产的、并有现货供应的最新型号的产品清单和价目表。
我方想告诉贵方，自下半年以来，复印机的零、部件价格一直不断增长。尽管我方尽量压低报价，但恐怕有此余地的时间不会太久。因此，建议贵方在零、部件再次涨价，并不可避免地引起成品涨价之前便向我方订货。
要求及时供货
We understand that you are the agent for the White Tiger ties. We enclose our order for 1000 dozens of the White Tiger ties. Please note that we need these goods rather urgently as Christmas is drawing near. If you could supply goods timely for seasons, we would make repeated orders, provided prices are reasonable. Payment for the enclosed order will be made on a draft at sight under our letter of credit opened in your favor on receipt of your confirmation that the goods are sent out, and can be delivered before 1, December, .
获悉贵公司为“白虎牌领带”的代理商。兹附上1000打白虎牌领带订单一份。
请注意，由于 圣诞节 在即，本公司急需这批货物。如果贵公司能够及时供应时令货品，而且价格公道，我方将继续订货。
此票订单之货款，待确认贵方已于12月1日前发货之后，本公司即向贵公司开出见票即付的 信用证 。
要求代理商报价
We have read in China Daily that you are the exclusive agent for Hi-Fi Corporation of Africa and Asia. Would you please send us price-lists and catalogues of all the Hi-Fi wireless products and terms of payment. Please advise if you would grant special terms for an annual trade over 1 million . dollars. A visit of your representative would be appreciated. Perhaps he could bring the newest samples of the 999 hand phone, an item of growing interest here.
我方从《中国日报》上获知，贵公司为高保真公司在非洲和亚洲的独家代理商。
请惠送该公司所有无线通讯产品的目录、价目表及付款条件，并请告知，如果每年交易额达100万美元以上，是否可获得特别条件。
敬请贵方派代表来与我们洽谈，并携带最新999型手机样品，该产品在此地销路看好。
关键词：外贸函电；语料库；语块；语块分析
一、外贸函电课程教学中问题所在
1.函电范文中的单词和词组都有其特殊的含义，就是结合外贸专业的词汇，造成学生无法对函电进行正确理解。
2. 由于语法应用能力严重不足，中式思维影响干扰大，造成学生写出来的外贸函电，语病多，结构混乱，中式英语特征明显。
二、本研究解决的问题
外贸函电教学质量的高低将很大程度上决定学生将来能否走上外贸行业的工作岗位，以及在外贸工作岗位上的表现。本研究就是要将语料库通过对大量实际外贸函电内容按外贸职能对课程中各个环节的用语语块进行分析，使外贸函电教学变得相对轻松高效和实用，从而使得学生能毕业即能就业，充分适应外贸企业的要求。
三、理论依据
1. 语块（chunk）的定义
对语块的定义一直存有争议，对于语块的研究始于上世纪70 年代Bolinger（1976）在转换生成语法居主流地位的背景下，提出了语言内容不仅靠语法规则无限生成言语还给我们提供了巨大数量的预制件（prefabs）。 Wray（2002）把它界定为一串预制的连贯或者不连贯的词或其他意义成分，它整体存储在记忆中，使用时直接提取，无需语法生成和分析. Wray 的定义比较全面，涵盖了学者们所提出的语块具有整体预制的，结构相对固定，易于提取的特点。
2. 语料库
语料库（corpus，复数为 corpora）一词源于拉丁语，原指body现在我们所说的语料库往往指的是一个，电子文本集一个小型文本集并不是真正的语料库，真正意义上的语料库是一个按照一定的采样标准采集而来的，能够代表一种语言或某语言的某种变体或文类。
四、外贸函电语料库的构建
1. 外贸函电语料库的内容选取
根据Biber（1995）的理论，语料库的代表性体现在以下两个方面：1）语料库所包含的文本类型的范围，即语料的群体；2）群体内部的层次分类。
敬启者；
我们从阿里巴巴得知贵公司的名称。
我们公司是一个专营纺织品的大规模的公司，在世界市场上享有良好的声誉。现在，我方公司将会每月为贵公司能提供新的设计。
我方公司将写信与贵公司建立直接的业务关系。
如果贵公司想要下订单，请告知，如按贵公司的有需要我们将很乐意求提供我们的.设计样本册，为了更好的准备货物如有现货订单，我方在收到你方订单之后三天之内装运。
我们期待你的回复。
敬上，
范文二：
Dear Sirs;
The Bbank of Cchina Shanghai Branch has informed us that your company is a large importer of textiles products. We have the pleasure of introducing ourselves to you ,our company is as a local
the largest textile manufactures in our area. Enclosed please find varies pictures of a variety of our quality textiles picture products.
Besides, we are desirous of the details of your requirement, so as to provide better service.
1 Your specialized in market/
2 Categories of your specialized products
We are looking forward to establishing long-term business relations.
Best regards
范文三：
March 7,
Dear sirs,
We have your name from Messrs. Smith Co.
Our company is a large leading cooperation specializing in textiles items. We have been engaged in this line for 20 years, ()and have business relations with many countries in Southeast Asia.
We are writing you to enter into direct business relations with you. We hope you can send us the latest product catalog and pricelist.
We are looking forward to your inquiry.
Yours Sincerely,
Jone Smith
Manager of Import Department
范文四：
Thank for your letter of March 7th, informing us of your interest in our product. We look forward to establishing positive business relationship with your corporation.
We are mainly dealing in the export of Chinese light industrial products. We are convinced that our joint business efforts will be to our mutual benefits.
As requested, a booklet including a general introduction of our latest product catalog together with our samples. Should you require any further information, please do not hesitate to let us know.
外贸函电的规范与否直接影响到客户对公司的印象，对于外贸人员来说，每天写外贸函电，回复函电。你的函电是否规范呢? 把直接的函电于下文对照看看。。。
说明涨价原因
Enclosed is our new price list which will come into effect the end of this month. You will see that we have increased our prices on most models. We have, however, refrained from doing so on some models of which we hold large stocks. The explanation for our increased prices stems from the fact that we are now paying 10% more for our raw materials than we were paying last year, along with some of our subcontractors having raised their prices as much as 15%.
As you know, we take great pride in our product an dare proud of the reputation for quality and dependability we have built over 15years. We will not compromise that reputation because of raising costs. We have, therefore, decided to raise the price of some of our products.
We hope you will understand our position and look forward to your cooperation.
With best regards,
说服买家涨价之前下单
This is regarding our quotation dated 2 November, and our mail offer dated 8 November concerning the supply of widgets(小机具).We are prepared to keep our offer open until the end of this month.
For your information, the market is firm and growing. There is very little likelihood of any significant change in the visible future. As this product is in great demand and the supply is limited, to secure your order, we would recommend that you accept this offer without delay.
对价格作出让步
Thank you for your mail. We are disappointed to hear that our price for your required product is too high for your acceptance. You mentioned that Japanese goods are being offered to you at a price approximately 8% lower than our quote.
We accept your position, but we are of the opinion that the quality of the other makes does not measure up to that of our products. Although we are keen to do business with you, we regret that we cannot accept your counter offer.
We do want to try and work with you, and meet your request, but the best we can do is to reduce our previous quotation by 3%.We hope that this will meet your approval.
答复在30日有效期的信用状付款的建议
Thank you for your order of 500b/w TV sets by your letter dated 17 July.
We have considered your proposal to pay by a 30-day letter of credit. We do not usually accept time credit; however, in view of our long and mutually beneficial relationship, we are willing to make an exception this time.
I must stress that this departure from our usual practice relates to this transaction only. This one-time accommodation does not set a precedent for future transactions.
I am enclosing our sales contract covering the order. I would be grateful if you would follow the usual procedure.
答复直接付款的要求
Thank you for your letter dated 2 October requesting payment against documents for contracts and 483.
We are pleased to say that we agree to your request. We wish, however, to make it clear that in our future transactions, involved for each transaction is less than US$5,000 or the equivalent in Renminbi. Should the amount exceed that figure, payment by letter of credit will be required.
We would like to say that this exception is allowed only in light of our long and mutually beneficial association.
询盘 并邀请访问
we had your enclosed drawings of 5 types of machines in your letter feb. 2, 2000. would you please inform us by return of the price, discounts, terms of payment and the time when you can deliver them. if your quotations are suitable and the quality proves good, we’ll be pleased to invite your representative over for detailed discussion.
我方收到贵方2000年2月2日函及随函所附有关5种机械的图纸。
请函报有关机械的价格、折扣、付款方式及最早的交货时间。
如果报价合理并能证明质量优秀，我方将邀请贵方的代表过来详谈。
如何索要产品目录
we get your name and address from your local chamber of are an importer of plastic products and we would appreciate it if you would send us your catalogue in the new year.
我方从贵公司的商会获知你们的名称与地址。
本公司经营塑料制品的进口业务，希望能够得到贵公司明年的产品目录。
按产品图片询盘
in your letter of december 3, 2000, we got your enclosed price list and catalogue, we found that one of your goods is to our satisfaction, so we are now post its picture back to you. would you please inform us in detail its price, terms of payment and terms of shipment. we hope you would quote us the most reasonable price. as we have a large population here, if the goods are sold well, we are sure to place regular orders with you.
收到贵方2000年12月3日函及所附价目单和产品目录。我方看中其中的一种产品，现将其图片寄还。
请祥报该产品的价格、付款方式及装运条件。希望得到贵方最合理的报价。我国人口众多，如果销路好，我方一定会成为
We had your enclosed drawings of 5 types of machines in your letter Feb. 2, . Would you please inform us by return of the price, discounts, terms of payment and the time when you can deliver them. If your quotations are suitable and the quality proves good, we’ll be pleased to invite your representative over for detailed discussion.
我方收到贵方2月2日函及随函所附有关5种机械的图纸。
We get your name and address from your local Chamber of are an importer of plastic products and we would appreciate it if you would send us your catalogue in the new year.
根据广告询价
Seeing your ad in“Family Life” we become interested in your silver wares of court styles. Please quote us for the supply of the items listed on the enclosed query form and give your prices . Shanghai. It would be appreciated if you include your earliest delivery date, terms of payment, and discounts for regular purchases.
我们看过贵公司登在《家庭生活》杂志上的广告，对你们的宫廷银器颇感兴趣。
请贵方按随函附表所列产品提供“.上海”报价，最好包括最快交货日期、付款条件及所能提供的定期购货折价。
承使馆推荐询价
We learn from the our Embassy that you are producing for export hand-made shoes and gloves in natural leather. There is a steady demand here for high-class goods of this type, especially in unique designs. Will you please send us your catalog, export prices and terms of payment, together with any samples you would like to let us examine.
从我国大使馆获悉贵公司制造并出口天然皮革材料的鞋类及手套。
我国有对此类高级产品稳定需求的市场，特别需要样式新颖的产品。请惠送贵公司的产品目录、出口价格、付款条件及所能提供的样品为荷。
按样品询价
We have a large demand for the supply of 50,000 meters brown serge, whose sample is enclosed to show you the shade and quality we require. Please send your samples corresponding to our samples with the most reasonable price . Singapore if you can supply within three months from now.
本公司需要5万公尺棕色斜纹布的大量供货。现随函附送我方所需货物的样品，以示其色调及品质。
若贵公司能在3个月内供货，请送供货样品，并提供新加坡港.最合理的报价。
In your letter of December 3, 2000, we got your enclosed price list and catalogue, we found that one of your goods is to our satisfaction, so we are now post its picture back to you. Would you please inform us in detail its price, terms of payment and terms of shipment. We hope you would quote us the most reasonable price. As we have a large population here, if the goods are sold well, we are sure to place regular orders with you.
请祥报该产品的价格、付款方式及装运条件。希望得到贵方最合理的报价。我国人口众多，如果销路好，我方一定会成为贵方的稳定订户。
【关键词】 外贸英语函电；教学策略
随着经济全球化的迅猛发展，中国对外贸易业务也越来越频繁，外贸人才的需求也随之越来越大。这就要求学生不断学习掌握外贸英语函电的特点和写作技能，为将来在国际商务活动灵活运用英语函电技能。因此，外贸英语函电的教学也越来越引起人们的关注。
1 外贸英语函电教学现状
外贸英语函电是一门将外贸知识与商务英语相结合产生一门应用型课程，要求学生通过学习外贸英语函电课程，能够熟悉外贸业务各环节的英语知识和表达，掌握外贸工作中商务信函的写作技巧。现今，各高校大都开设了这门课程，但从企业反馈大部分学生的实践能力不强，与外贸用人单位所需的人才存在差距。以下分析现今外贸英语函电课程的教学现状。
教师知识结构不完善：外贸英语函电课程性质与语言特点决定了教师必须具备语言能力和外贸业务能力。 有些教师由于对贸易流程等缺乏实际经验而照本宣科，将外贸英语函电课程当做精读课文教学，强调英语语言知识的学习而不重视外贸活动的规则和操作程序。以这种方法来教学生学习外贸英语函电，将严重导致理论教学与实际脱节。
教学方法陈旧：长期以来，外贸英语函电的教学都是采用传统教学模式，以教师为中心，却忽视了学生的实践操作。大部分教师以讲述为主、没有讨论、没有设置相应的模拟练习，学生学起来也比较枯燥无味。随着外贸企业对外贸从业人员职业素质要求的提高，外贸英语函电课程采用传统的“灌输式”教学模式已不合时宜。
2 外贸英语函电的教学策略
根据社会和用人单位的要求，注重学生实践能力的培养，以能力为本位，理论与实践相结合，使该课程的教学能够真正培养社会人才需要的人才。根据我国外贸英语函电教学现状，总结出以下几点相应的教学策略：
加快教材建设：国家应该组织相关专家学者和出版单位出版顺应时展、内容充实、语料真实的教材及参考书；任课教师应有针对性地自编出版教材及参考书，补充一定外贸业务的真实的、适时性的外贸业务中的函电和单证资料，并向学生介绍电子商务、EDI（ElectronicDate Interchange）等在外贸中的应用。选择教材时应选择最新或新近版本教材；知名出版社的成熟教材；教材内容设置注重实训环节。
建设双师教学队伍：“双师型”教师，即除了具备深厚的英语语言功底之外，还对外贸业务知识精通的外贸英语函电教师。外贸英语函电作为一门与实践结合紧密的课程，要求任课教师不仅具有书本知识，还应系统地掌握外贸业务流程。而外贸业务流程随着贸易实践也在不断变化，只有深入企业内部，亲身参与，才能使得所教授的知识保持“新鲜”。学校应鼓励有英语专业背景的教师利用假期进入外贸单位进行社会实践和市场调查，并及时反馈相关信息；鼓励外贸专业出身的教师利用进修提高自身的英语水平。注重提高师资队伍“双师素质”的同时，应尤其重视从企业、行业聘请既有理论知识，又有丰富实践经验和动手能力的技术骨干任兼职教师，完善双师结构。
运用案例教学：外贸函电与外贸业务实务紧密相连，引入相关案例，能够使教学内容更加生动具体。让学生在对案例的分析过程中对外贸英语函电有全面的感性认识，加快学生对外贸英语函电课程和实务知识的了解与掌握。案例的收集和更新是案例教学的关键，在选择案例时应注意：案例的选择应与教学的重点、难点以及课堂内容相结合；案例内容应与国际贸易的现状相符，以确保案例的时效性。
案例教学法是根据教学目的和培养目标的要求，教师在教学过程中，以案例为基本素材，把学生带入特定的事件情境中进行分析问题和解决问题，培养学生运用理论知识并形成技能技巧的一种教学方法。案例分析前，老师引导学生思考分析案例时所需的知识点及在这个案例中可能用到的函件类型。在分析讨论环节老师监督每个学生积极参与，用英语发表自己的观点。最后要总结案例，指出本次案例讨论的思路，讨论的难点、重点，主要解决的问题，使得学生对自己的讨论结果有个清晰的框架。
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