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今天，我兴奋而又紧张地来到檀枫游泳池里。在那里，我学会游泳，如果你想知道我的游泳过程那就看看下面吧！
我来到游泳池时，罗老师先叫我做热身运动，然后，我们都跟着罗老师一个个排好队下水。罗老师叫我撇气，我又紧张又害怕，怦怦直跳。
罗老师说：“别害怕，勇敢点。”可是大家都在认真练，我只能硬着头皮练起来了，接下来，我们练漂在水面上了，不过我成功了。象小鱼一样会漂了。我要用脚和手的动作了，先用手在水里画一个桃子，把头抬起来唤气，再把头低下去后紧接着是收腿勾脚尖，蹬出去，然后伸直并拢，停顿三秒后继续做下去。就象青蛙一样游来游去，经过几天的刻苦练习。我终于会游了，我高兴地跳起来说：“我学会游泳了，我学会……”
啊！在这短短地十五天里，我学会了一样本领――游泳。
一、课文内容梳理
《孤独之旅》本文通过讲述一个名叫杜小康的孩子在陌生芦荡里孤独的放鸭而逐渐成长起来的故事，告诉我们：人应该在孤独中磨炼自己，在逆境中锻炼自己，才会长大、成熟、坚强。
二、字音字形
第14课《故乡》
阴晦( yīn huì ) 萧索( xiāo suǒ ) 猹( chá) 祭祀( jì sì )
五行( wǔ xíng ) 装弶( zhuāng jiàng ) 伶俐( líng lì ) 潮汛( cháo xùn ) 髀(bì)间 伶仃( líng dīng ) 愕然( è rán ) 鄙夷( bǐ yí )
嗤笑( chī xiào ) 应酬( yìng chou ) 世面( shì miàn ) 惘然( wǎng rán )
瑟缩( sè suō ) 廿(niàn)年 黛青(dài qīng) 隔膜( gé mó )
潺潺( chán chán ) 恣睢( zì suī ) 寒噤( hán jìn ) 颧骨( quán gǔ )
脚踝( jiǎo huái )
第15课 《我的叔叔于勒》
拮据( jié jū ) 衣冠( yī guān ) 栈桥( zhàn qiáo ) 糟蹋( zāo tà )
无赖( wú lài ) 与日俱增( yǔ rì jù zēng ) 十拿九稳( shí ná jiǔ wěn ) 别墅( bié shù ) 褴褛( lán lǚ ) 牡蛎( mǔ lì ) 撬开qiào
郑重其事( zhèng zhòng qí shì ) 女婿( nǚ xu ) 端详(duān xiáng)
恭维( gōng wéi ) 阔绰( kuò chuò ) 煞白( shà bái ) 狼狈(láng bèi)
嘟囔( dū nang ) 流氓( liú máng ) 诧异( chà yì )
第16课 《孤独之旅》
家底( jiā dǐ ) 眺望( jiā dǐ ) 雍yōng 觅食( mì shí )
嬉闹( xī nào ) 空旷( kōng kuàng ) 撩逗( liáo dòu ) 炊烟( chuī yān )
狗吠( gǒu fèi ) 胆怯( dǎn qiè ) 掺杂( chān zá ) 驱除( qū chú )
镰刀( lián dāo ) 恶劣( è liè ) 温顺( wēn shùn ) 戳破( chuō pò )
歇斯底里( xiē sī dǐ lǐ ) 旧茬 chá 纯粹( chún cuì )
肥硕( féi shuò ) 撅断( juē duàn )
四年级英语第四单元练习题
一、句子配对.(5分)
()’sinthekitchen.
()..
()’t.
().
二.重新排列下列句子的顺序，使其成为一个意思完整、通顺的对话(5分).
()Look!Sheisinthekitchen.
()Whereisshe?
()No,sheisn’t.
(4)No,sheisn’t.
()Issheinthestudy?
()‘scute.
科目 英语
年级 高二
文件 high2
标题 Mainly Revision
章节 第四单元
关键词 内容
一、【数学目的和要求】
1.单词和词组:
rose check magazine 四会
fix face to face take a photograph (of) hand (vt.)
deliver rail
as well
care for
daily 三会
chief event immediately develop add lorry
speed
be popular with somebody suitable weekly rewrite
Business Weekly
journalist editor advertisement headline interview 二会
get down to photographer
latest publish edition section besides
2.日常交际用语：
Are you /Will you be free then? Yes, I'll be free. I'd like to go.
Let's go together then I'll meet you at the theatre at six-thirty.
Good! See you then.
What time shall we meet? Where is the best place to meet?
What about meeting outside? I suggest….
3.语法：
学习～ing形式作主语和宾语的用法。
二、【重点与难点】
1. I want to have a look at what's on this weekend. 我想看看本周周末上演的什么。
句中的What's on this weekend是名词性从句，在句中作短语动词look at的宾语。what's on…？是一个固定的表达方式，后跟时间或地点状语，表示“……（时间/地点）上演什么？”on在此是作为副词用的，应重读。on是一个十分活跃的词，作为介词用时，它也可以表示类似的形容词所表示的意思，表示“在……进行之中”例如：What's on at the New Star Cinema tonight? 今晚新星电影院上演什么？
Is there a new film on lately? 最近上演什么新电影了吗？
My parents are on their holidays. 我父母亲正在度假。
They are on a friendly visit to our country. 他们正在对我国进行友好访问。
2. Is there anything good on? 有什么好节目在上演吗？
句中的good是不定代词anything的定语。当形容词作定语修饰象something, anything, nothing这类不定代词时，要把形容词放在这类不定代词之后。例如：
There is nothing important in today's newspaper. 今天报上没有什么重要消息。
Do you have anything interesting to tell us?你有什么有趣的事要告诉我的吗？
3. They are said to be very good. 据说他们很棒。
a. 句中的they指的是前一句中的a pop group（流行音乐演唱团）。
b. 不定式短语to be very good在句中作主语补足语，说明主语（they）的情况。全句相当于：People say they are very good.或It is said that they are very good.在此，句型sb. is said to do和It's said (或They / People say )+that从句所表示的意思是相同的，可以相互替换。作“据说……”，“听说……”解。例如：It's said he works for China Daily (=He is said to work for China Daily.)据说他在《中国日报》社工作。
It's said the bridge is now over 700 years old. (=The bridge is said to be over 700 years old.)据说这座桥已有七百多年历史了。
1. Reporters are then sent to cover the events.然后记者就被派去采访这些事件。
句中的cover是动词，作“采访”、“报道”解。例如：
The experienced reporters were sent to cover the confrence. 有经验的记者被派去报导大会的消息。
All important events in this area are covered in the local newspapers.
这个地区发生的重要事件，地方的报纸都有报道。
cover是一个十分活跃的词，既可以用作名词，也可以用作动词，翻译时也十分灵活，可以根据在句中的意思灵活翻译。例如：
用作名词时，作“盖子”，“封面”解。
The magazine had a picture of a horse on the cover. 这本杂志封面上画着一匹马。
Our desks and chairs are fitted with loose covers. 我们的桌椅均配有桌套和椅套。
用作动词时，就十分灵活了。请看下面的句子：
She covered her knees with a blanket. 她把毯子盖在膝盖上。
I was covered in/with mud by a passing car. 一辆过路的汽车溅了我一身泥。
His lecture covered the subject thoroughly. 他的演讲对这个问题阐述得很透彻。
The soldiers can cover the distance on foot in an hour. 士兵们可以在一小时内走完这段路程。
Is that word covered in the dictionary? 这部词典里有那个单词吗？
2. As soon as the reporters know what to write about, they get down to work. 新闻记者一旦得知他们所要写的新闻，就着手干起来。
句中的短语动词get down to sth, 作“开始干某事”解，（相当于to begin to do /doing sth.）其中的to是介词，后接名词，代词或～ing形式。例如：
It's time I got down to some serious work. 我该认真干点正事了。
When you get down to something, you should work hard. 当你着手做些事的时候，你应该努力地去做。
While the weather was fine, my father got down to repairing the house. 趁着天气好，我父亲开始修理房屋了。
telephone people and fix a time for a face-to -face interview with them. 他们同有关人士打电话，约定时间同他们进行面对面的采访。
a.句中的face-to -face是一个固定词组，意思是“面对面”，在句中作定语，修饰名词interview.例如：
It's hard for them to have a face-to -face argument. 进行面对面的争论对他们来说不容易。
需要注意的是，如果face to face不连写时，作状语用，意思是“面对面地”，“面对着”，“碰面”。例如：
The hospital and the food store stand face to face. 那家医院正对着食品店。
I've heard of the famous professor, but I never met him face to face. 我听说过那位著名的教授，但是从没和他见过面。
除了这一词组外，类似还有一些，如：heart to hear心连心，贴心的，hand in hand手拉手，arm in arm臂挽臂shoulder to shoulder肩并肩。
b.句中的fix是动词，作“确定”，“约定”解。fix a time for…是“约定时间干某事”的意思。例如：
Have you fixed a date for the wedding?你们举行婚礼的日子确定了吗？
The lecture was fixed for eight o'clock in the morning. 报告会定于早八点举行。
fix还有“修理”“修补”的意思，请看下现的句子：
My watch has stopped. I'll have it fixed. 我的手表停了，我要去修理了。
一、教学建议：
1.教学目的与方式
在教学中通过使用整体教学、分层次训练的方式，使学生系统深入的掌握本单元教学内容，能够用英语进行日常约会，掌握-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法。达到活学活用的目的，实现英语教学中的素质教育。
能力目标：
1.对话(Lesson 13)
a.朗读：语音语调准确，情感适度；
b.归纳：学习怎样用英语进行日常约会；
Making an appointment(日常约会)
Will you be / Are you free this evening? Yes,I'll be free.
Are you going to see the new film? Yes,I'd like to.
Let's go together then,shall we? Ok.
What time shall we meet? I suggest 7 o'clock.
Where is the best place to meet? What about meeting outside the theatre?
Sounds good idea. See you. See you then.
c.运用：套用句型模拟对话；
d.创造：自编对话并表演；
e.写作：复述并将对话改写成短文。
2.课文(Lesson14、15)
a.理解课文大意，能回答有关问题（ Exercise 1）；
b.归纳大意，能复述课文；
c.将课文改写成100词左右的短文；
d.以简图的形式对报纸的出版过程进行详细的说明。
2.教学重点
单词：
journalist, event, cover, fix, face-to-face, interview, photographer, editor, save, headline, check, develop, deliver, rail, daily, cost, everyday.
词组：
get down to work, fix a time for, work on, type……into computer, hand sth. to sb., be popular with, as well, care for, take a photograph (of), look up.
通过设置丰富的语言环境，向学生呈现重点词汇。可通过问答，句型转换，补全句子等方法。
例1：What's on this weekend at the People's Theatre?
”The Red Roses“ are giving a performance.
例2：If you want to get a job in the company, you may have a face-to-face interview with the manager.
例3：As a teacher of English, she is liked by her students.
As a teacher of English, she ____ ____ ____ her students.(is popular with)
例4：Final examination is coming, and you should begin to prepare it.
Final examination is coming, and you should ____ ____ ____ ____ it.(get down to preparing)
例5：It is said that the performances are very good.
People ____ ____ ____ ____ are very good.
The performances ____ ____ ____ ____ very good.(say that the performances);(are said to be)
以下句子供教学参考：
1、The most important event of this year is that Macao will return to China in December.
今年最重大的事件是十二月份澳门将回归中国。
2、Which events have you entered for?
你参加了几项比赛？
3、They sent the best reporters to cover the conference.
他们派出了最好的记者去报道大会的消息。
4、Cover the table with a cloth.
在桌子上铺上台布。
5、By sunset we had covered thirty miles.
到日落的时候，我们已经走了三十英里。
6、His research covers a wide field.
他的研究工作涉及的范围很广。
7、Is that word covered in the dictionary?
这部词典里有那个词吗？
8、They have fixed the date for the wedding.
他们已经定了婚礼日期。
9、My watch has needs fixing.
我的表停了，需要修理。
eyes were fixed on the gun.
她紧盯那只枪。
is fixing his thought on what he is doing.
他正在全神贯注地工作。
had a shelf fixed to the wall.
他找人把架子安在了墙上。
will save time if we drive the car instead of walking.
我们如果以车代步的话，可以节省时间。
will save me 50p if I buy the smaller box.
我买小箱子可以节省五十便士。
is saving to buy the computer.
为了买计算机，他在节省开支。
doctor saved the child's life.
医生救了那个孩子的命。
man saved the child from drowning.
那个人救了那个孩子使他免于溺水而死。
are saving for a new car.
我们现在正在储蓄，准备买一量新车。
delivered your order to your door.
我们送货上门。
you deliver my message to my father?
你把我的信息传给我父亲了吗？
delivered his speech effectively.
他演讲说得非常有力。
must help to deliver them from misery and suffering.
我们必须帮助他们脱离苦难。
's time to get down to some business.
现在该认真干些事情了。
's fix a time for meeting.
让我们约个时间见面。
sat up far into the night, working on the report.
他熬夜写报告。
had a face-to-face argument with them.
我们同他们进行了一次面对面的辩论。
are standing there, face to face.
他们面对面地站在那里。
type the article into the computer.
请把这篇文章输入电脑。
hand the book on the desk to me.
请把桌子上的书递给我。
in your examination papers now, please.
请把试卷交上来。
teacher handed out the books at the beginning of the lesson.
老师刚上课的时候，把书发给了学生。
new book is very popular with readers.
他的新书很受读者欢迎。
'm going to London and my sister's coming as well.
我要去伦敦，我妹妹也随我一起去。
realy care for the students in my class.
我真的喜欢我班上的学生。
cared for her father in his dying years.
他在父亲生命垂危的数年里一直照料他。
you care for some tea?
要不要来点茶。
wants to take a photograph of the Great Hall of the People.
他想拍一张人民大会堂的照片。
up the time of the next train in the timetable.
查一下火车时刻表中下一趟车的时间。
3.教学重点：动名词作主语，宾语的用法。
动名词作主语：
1）Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
2）Playing football is his favourite sport.
踢足球是他最喜欢的运动。
句型1：
It is +名词（或形容词）+动名词
No use
It is no good doing that.
A waste of time
So nice / interesting / foolish……
It's a waste of time waiting here.
在这里等是浪费时间。
It'sso nice talking to you.
很高兴和你谈话。
句型2：
There is no + 动名词
如：There is no joking about such matter.这事开不得玩笑。
动名词作宾语：
只能跟动名词作宾语的动词
Group I: admit, appreciate, avoid, celebrate, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy,
excuse, explain, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise,
prevent,risk, suggest, understand……
GroupII: need, want, require
GroupIII: permit, allow, forbid, require
*Group II: need, want, require 三个词后面跟的动名词必须是主动形式。同时，其动名词不能随意扩大。例如：
（1）This house needs cleaning.这房间该打扫一下。
（2）That car wants repairing.那车需要修理了。（但不能说：I want resting.我需要休息。）
*Group III: 第三组词跟人作宾语后，必须用不定式作补语。例如：
This room won't allow smoking.在这间屋里不准吸烟。
We do not allow anybody to smoke here.这里不许吸烟。
例句：
（1）We enjoy dancing like you do.我们和你一样也喜欢跳舞。
（2）Would you mind opening the window?打开窗子你介意吗？
一些特殊动词后面接不定式和动名词，其含义不同。
(1)
remember +动名词 表示动作已经完成
forget +不定式 表示动作尚未发生
I remember locking the door. 我记得把门锁上了。
You must remember to lock the door.你一定要记住锁好门。
I'll never forget seeing the Alps for the first time.我永远不会忘记第一次看见阿尔卑斯山的景。
I'm afraid he will forget to write to me.恐怕他会忘记给我写信。
(2)
+动名词 表示停止做某事
+不定式 表示停下来，开始做某事
The man stopped working and began to have a rest.那人停下手里的活，开始休息。
The man who was talking stopped to work.正在说话的那人停下来开始工作。
(3)
+动名词 表示学习某事/物
+不定式 表示学会了某事/物
Having learned to skate, she began to learn swimming.
学会了滑冰，她又开始学游泳。
(4)
+动名词 表示继续做同一件事
+不定式 表示继续做另一件事（动作不变内容/方式变）
He went on reading the story.他继续读那篇故事。
He went on to read another story.他继续读另一篇故事。
(5)
+动名词 表示实验
+不定式 表示尽量：企图
I tried cooking the meat in wine.我试着用酒煮肉。
Try to get here early.尽量早点到这里。
(6)
+动名词 表示害怕做某事的后果（不具体）
+不定式 表示害怕而不敢去做（具体）
He is afraid of falling.他害怕会摔倒。
He was afraid to go there alone, so he remained.他不敢独自去，于是就留下了。
(7)
+动名词 表示意味着
+不定式 表示打算，意欲
This will mean giving you some trouble.这意味着给你添麻烦。
I don't mean to trouble you.我并没想给你添麻烦。
(8)
prefer一词较特殊，其结构如下：
Prefer A to B
Prefer to do A rather than do B
Prefer doing A to doing B.
(=would rather do A than do B)
1)I prefer to stay in a house rather than stay in a hotel.我宁愿住在一所房子里也不愿住宾馆。
3)She prefers listening to music to playing the piano.她宁愿听音乐也不愿去弹钢琴。
(9)
+动名词 表示情不自禁
+不定式 表示不能帮忙（某事）
Hearing the news, she can't help laughing.
听到那消息，她情不自禁地笑了。
At that time I was very busy,so I can't help(to) repair your bike.
那时我太忙，所以没法帮你修理自行车。
2）后面用不定式和动名词，其含义不变的动词有：begin / start / continue
They began working / to work soon after they arrived.
他们刚一到就开始工作。
3）like, hate, love, prefer 等动词既可以接不定式，又可接动名词，意思相同。单表示一个特定的具体动作时，接不定式。
Children like / love to see cartoons.=Children like / love seeing cartoons.
孩子们喜欢看动画片。
--Can I give you a Life?
--No,thanks. I prefer to walk back, for it is not far.
你要搭车吗？
不，谢谢。我喜欢走着回去，不远。
二、学法指导：
1、谈谈怎样做好完形填空
完形填空（Cloze Test）是外语学习中一种综合练习或测试形式。这种题目提供一篇短文，把文中的若干词语抽出，留出空白，要求学生根据全文的意思，把正确的词语填入空白处。完形填空是一项考查学生综合运用所学词汇，语法知识能力和阅读理解能力的重要题型。同学们普遍认为，这种题很难。但是，如果你掌握了做完形填空的基本规律，正确运用已掌握的词汇，语法知识，完全可以取得较为满意的成绩。
1）完形填空的解题要点
（1）从整体入手
首先通读全文，抓住文章中人和事物的特点及情节发展的大致方向，把握住文章的中心思想。如果在阅读中遇到难点，暂且把它放下，继续读下去，直至读完全文，掌握文章大意。
（2）注意逻辑上、形式上一致
注意全文与局部在逻辑上、形式上一致，局部意思符合整体意思，上下文在形式上一致。
（3）采用推理法或排除法
解题时要采用推理法，根据已知信息推未知信息；还要采用排除法，根据已掌握的知识，排除错误的答案，选择正确的答案。
2）完形填空的解题步骤
（1）通读全文，掌握大意
首先要把全文通读一遍，了解大意。在阅读过程中，可以借助短文下面的备选答案来帮助理解。如果对文章的主要意思还不清楚，宁可再看一两遍，也不要急于填空。切忌看一句填一句。
（2）逐句阅读，选出答案
在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，再逐句阅读，选出答案。在选择答案时，可以采用“排除法”。要特别注意文章的第一个句子。一般来说，第一句都不留空，是完整的句子。借助于这个句子可以大体了解到文章的体裁内容和文体特点，以便作到心中有数。
（3）复读全文，检查答案
全部填完后，把短文重读一遍，要重意义和语言知识两方面进行检查。发现错误，加以纠正。
2、本单元句型
（1）What's on this weekend?
周末上演什么？
What's on +时间/地点，表示“在……时间/地点上演什么”，其中on是副词，作表语，意为“上演”，“演出”。
What's on tonight?
今晚上演什么？
What's on at Guanglu Cinema?
光陆电影院上演什么电影？
（2）They are said to be very good.
据他们说都很棒。
本句用了“sb. is / was said +不定式”的句型。它还可以转化为下面两个句型：
i It is / was said + that 从句
ii They / people say +that 从句
所以本句还可以改成：
It is said that they are very good.
People say that they are very good.
[注]可用于上述句型的动词除say外，还有report, hope, believe, suppose等。
（3）There is no more time left for adding new stories ……
没有时间来增加新的报道了。
There is (no) …… left for sth. / doing sth. 的意思是“还留下（没留下）……来干某事。”
There is some time left for singing a song.
还剩下一点时间来唱支歌。
There is a little money left for buying the books.
还剩下一点钱来买书。
There is no space left for putting the writing-desk.
没有放写字台的地方了。
（4）China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help to cut the costs of making the newspaper.
《中国日报》刊登大量广告这有助于降低报纸的生产成本。
Daily 是专有名词需要大写。
of只用于肯定句，后面可接可数名词和不可数名词。
You have plenty of time to do the work.
你有足够的时间来做这工作。
There are plenty of men out of work.
有大量的人失业。
引导的是非限制性定语从句。
My new car, which I paid several thousand pounds for, is not running well.
我花几千英镑买的新车运行状况不好。
这里是“削减”的意思。
His salary has been cut by ten per cent.
他的薪水减少了百分之十。
3、疑难解析
例1：The public library and the school stand across the street.
to face or C
选择：C
解析：
face-to-face带连字符的合成词在句子中作定语，而face to face不带连字符则在句中作状语。例如：After a face-to-face interview, he got the job.在一次面试后他得到了那份工作。In the carriage they sat face to face.在火车车厢里他们面对面地坐着。类似的结构：heart-to-heart贴心的back-to-back背靠背的hand-in-hand手拉手的shoulder-to-shoulder肩并肩的。
例2：He also learned to messages the 8th Route Army.
; for ; to
; from ; to
选择：A
deliver: take (letters, parcels,goods, message, etc)to the place or people they addressed to 递送；传送
短语：deliver + 名/代 + to
We delivered your order to your door.
另外，deliver: to say; read aloud 发言；发表
deliver + 名/代
After he came into power, the President delivered a wonderful speech.
总统上台之后，发表了一篇精彩的演说。
三、评价：
同步练习：
完成对话：
Jim: It's very kind of you to come and see me off.
Bob:My pleasure. 1
Jim: Thank you, and please say good-bye to all my friends in the college for me.
Bob: can leave that to me.
Jim: 2 How can I thank you enough?
Bob:You're welcome. 3 I hope you'll come again.
Jim: 'll try my best to come back again and to see my friends here.
Bob: 4 .
Jim: 2:45, they say.
Bob: 5 .We'd better say good-bye now.
Jim: See you.
is only a quarter to go
will you get home?
wish you had a good time during your stay here.
have given me so much help during my stay here.
time is your flight taking off?
wish you a pleasant journey home.
've been happy go do what I could.
单项选择：
6.”Can I have a look at your new car?“”Certainly, .“
look 's to dear
's really beautiful ahead
wonderful concert will be at the theatre across our school.
many pages have you so far?Can you return the book to me tomorrow?
reason do you have for doing so?
was told so was told to
hoped to 'd like to
is often seen to be made behind after school.
stay
's time for us to to some work. We ought to do something every day.
on up
down in
I write something, I usually go to the library to the necessary facts.
up out
down on
is very with many college students.
date has been fixed their visit china.
; to B./; to
; / ; for
professor you want to see is an important experiment now.
on out
on on
语法专练：
's no use with him
quarrel
quarrelling quarreled
brother regretted a lecture given by professor Wu.
miss
sentence needs .
's a good habit to practise English aloud in the morning.
read
reading be reading
suggested for an outing next Sunday.
go
catch up with my classmates means even harder from now on.
study
22. is easier than doing.
talk
talked
student doesn't mind when he speaks English.
laughed laughed at
be laughed at
are you going to do this afternoon?
---I'm thinking of to visit my aunt.
gone going
25. a reply, he decided to write again.
receiving having received
not not received
完形填空：
When I was walking down the street the other day, I happened to notice a small brown wallet lying on the ground. I picked it up and opened it to see if I could 26 the owner's was nothing inside it 27 some change and an old photograph-a picture of a 28 and a young girl about twelve years old, who 29 the woman's daughter. I put the photograph back and 30 the wallet to the police station, 31 I handed it to the desk sergeant. 32 I left, the sergeant took 33 my name and address in case the owner might want to write and thank me.
That evening I went to have 34 with my aunt and uncle. They also invited a young woman 35 there would be 36 people at the table. Her face was familiar. I was quite sure that we 37 before, but I could not 38 where I had seen her. While talking, however, the young woman 39 mention that she had lost her wallet that afternoon. 40 I realized where I had seen her. She was the young girl 41 the photograph, although she was now 42 .She was very 43 , of course, when I was able to 44 her wallet to her. Then I explained that I had 45 her from the photograph I 46 in the wallet. My uncle 47 going to the police station immediately to claim the 48 .As the police sergeant handed it over, he said that 49 was amazing that I 50 the wallet, but also the person who had lost it.
out for
for
man
like if
that that
't meet met not met
to to to
at once once now away
old older older elder
found
on
find not only find only found not only found
阅读理解：
NANJING(Xinhua)-Suicides(自杀)are on the increase in China, but anyone who feels like taking that route and who lives in Nanjing can now dial 632977 to talk about it.
China's first-ever-suicide-prevention centre opened on July 1st in the capital of East China's Jiangsu Province.
Professor Zhai Zhutao, head of the center, said about 10 per cent of the population suffer from psychological(心里上的)troubles of various kinds, and that suicides are on the rise.
The center offers telephone, mail(信件)and face-to-face advising services while spreading knowledge on how to prevent suicides among people and families.
CHINA DAILY
Friday, July 5, 1991
did the centre open?
July 1 every year
days before the news was published
Children's Day
the first Monday of July in 1991
do we learn about the centre?
sends telephones to those who try to suicide
helps to stop suicide
writes for those who have suicided
often telephones those who live in Nanjing, advising them to prevent suicide
to the news, .
marked increase in suicide has happened in China.
Zhai Zhutao founded the first suicide-prevention centre.
'd better report to the centre on anyone's suicide.
Jiangsu Province has such a centre.
centre's services will certainly work because .
spreads knowledge of life-saving
tenth of the people may suicide
people are suffering
must be some psychological explanation for suicides
单词拼写：
father is on China Daily. He is a j .
Wang went to Paris to attend an i conference.
'm going to have a photo taken by the p .
you buy his l book published last month?
you got your films d ?
newly-opened Children's Palace is p with a lot of children.
短文改错：
When you visit London, one of the first thing you will see
is Big Ben, the famous clock which can be heard of all over
the world on the the House of Parliament have not been
burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have built.
It is not only of a huge size, but is extremely accurate（准确的）as well.
Workers from Greenwich Observatory have the clock check twice a
day. On the BBC you can hear the clock when it is stroke because
microphones connected to the clock tower. Big Ben has rarely gone
wrong. Once , it fails to give the correct time. A painter who
had been working on the tower hang a pot of paint on one of
the hands and slowed it down.
参考答案：
1-5 FDGEA 6-10 DDCBA 11-15 CABAD 16-20 AABBC 21-25 CCBBB
26-30 ACBCD 31-35 CABCD 36-40 ABBDA 41-45 BCDBC 46-50 ACDAD
51-54 DBAC 55-60 journalist, international, photographer, latest, developed, propular.
62.去掉of been
65.√ are
重点词语
为期不远：作为;期：日期，期限。指快到规定或算定的日子。
与日俱增：随着时间的推移，一天天地不断增长。形容增长得很快。
十拿九稳：比喻很有把握。也说十拿九准。
迟疑不决：形容拿不定主意。犹豫疑惑，不能决定。
郑重其事：形容对待事情非常严肃认真。
莫名其妙：没有人能说明它的奥妙(道理),表示事情很奇怪,使人不明白。也作莫明其妙。
狼狈不堪：狼狈：窘迫的样子。困顿、窘迫得不能忍受。形容非常窘迫的样子。
一落千丈：原形容琴声陡然由高到低。后用以形容景况、地位急剧下降或情绪突然低落。
置之不理：放在一边儿不理不睬。
日甚一日：一天比一天厉害。
浩浩汤汤：犹浩浩荡荡。指水势壮阔的样子。
歇斯底里：形容情绪激动、举止失常、狂喊乱叫的状态。
天昏地暗 1.形容乌云密布或刮大风时飞沙漫天的景象：突然狂风大起,刮得～。
2.比喻政治腐败或社会混乱。3.形容程度深;厉害：哭得个～。‖也说天昏地黑。
仓皇逃窜：形容仓皇猥琐地逃跑。仓皇逃窜：慌慌张张地四处逃跑躲藏。仓皇：匆忙而慌张。
无忧无虑：没有一点忧愁和顾虑。
松松爽爽：轻松愉快的样子。
教学目标：
1、基础目标
(1)学生能听、说和认读thirteen、fourteen、fifteen、sixteen、seventeen、eighteen、nineteen、twenty八个数字单词，并做到发音正确、规范。
(2)帮助学生在学习新知识的过程中复习旧知识，并能结合已学句型“How many……can you see ?/ Do you have?/ I can see……/ I have……/等句型进行回答、替换和运用。
2、拓展目标
(1)将单词教学融入句型及对话教学之中，鼓励学生在实际情景中恰当地运用已学句型。
(2)培养学生的注意力和观察力，发展学生的发散思维，激发学生的学习兴趣，培养学生的协作精神。
教学重点：
掌握八个新授数字单词，并能结合已学知识在实际情景中运用。
教学难点：
thirteen、fifteen、eighteen、twenty的发音。
教学准备：
录音机和磁带，教师自己准备的一幅彩图画，数字单词卡片，在讲台上放15本书，一个盒子，18支铅笔，一个篮球。
学生分析：
本单元授课对象是农村小学四年级学生。经过一年多的学习，对英语保持着浓厚的兴趣 。在上册对1—12的数字的英语学习后，他们期待后面更大数字的学习。所以这一单元，特别是数字词汇的学习，他们会学得主动而轻松。因为教师对学习的了解，本单元就该更关注后进生，给他们更多的机会表现自己，激发他们的学习积极性，让所有学生自然地同步前进，并为接下去的学习打好基础。
教学过程：
一、Warm-up/Revision(热身、复习)
1、Everyday English(每日英语)
2、Sing a song.“Ten Little Candle Dance”(师生表演唱)
3、Introduce themselves to new teachers (自我介绍)
Eg：My name is……。I’m a girl/ boy.
I’m from……I like……etc.
4、Play a guessing game(猜数字)
T：which number is in my pocket?
二、Presentation(新知识呈现)
1、Learn to say new words.(学习新数字)
(1)数学练习，学习thirteen(13)
A、从5+5=10，5+6=11，5+7=12，5+8=13，引出数字thirteen，并练习朗读该单词。(跟读，开火车读，齐读)
B、Make 13 (让学生用英语编数学算式?+?=13)
Eg：What’s six and seven? Six and seven is 13.
C、用英语讲解西方国家对13的看法，结合幸运数字讲解西方人很忌讳13，并举例说明。
(2)实物呈现，学习fifteen(15)
A、引导学生利用身边的东西(如书本、同学、书包等)来数一数和说一说。
Eg：T：Look!what are they? Ss：Books.
T：How many books can you see?
Let’s count，please.
Ss：One，two……fifteen. B、练习朗读该单词(跟读，打行读，小组读，齐读)
C、用15造句子。
Eg：This is 15. Seven and eight is 15.
I like 15. My brother/ sister is 15.
I have fifteen……
(3)猜一猜，学习eighteen(18)
A、T：I have something in my bag. Guess. What do I have?
Ss：……
T：Look!What are they?
Ss：Pencils.
T：How many pencils do I have? Guess. Please!
T：Open it and see. Count please. One……eighteen. Oh, eighteen pencils. That’s right. I have eighteen pencils.
B、练习朗读该单词(跟读，开火车两人读，小组读，齐读)
C、用eighteen说词组。
Eg：eighteen books
eighteen dogs……
(4)看一看，听一听，数一数，学习twenty(20)
A、T：(拿着球)Look, What’s that? Oh, It’s a ball. I like balls. And I can bounce the ball. Now, I bounce the ball, please count!教师拍球，学生数数，数至20，然后故意把球拍丢了。
B、练习朗读该单词(跟读，指读，男女读，齐读)
(5)看图添画，学习14、16、17、19。
教师也用简笔画边画苹果，边提问学生：What can you see? How many apples can you see?(本环节的教学内容可以从数字12添到20。再出示这几个数字卡片让学生读一读。)
2、Listen and repeat.(先给学生听一遍录音，让学生复述自己听到的，然后再翻书指着单词跟读)
3、小结规律，让学生看着黑板上8个新数字，读一读，你发现了什么?让学生明白13、15、18、20的读音是没有规律的，而14、16、17、19是比较简单，只要在4、6、7、9后加[ti:n]。
三、Practice and consolidation(操练和巩固)
1、明辩是非读单词。(教师指着黑板上的单词，如果指的和读的是一致的学生就跟，反之保持沉默)
2、听音举卡片，老师说一个数字，学生要边讲边举起该数字卡片，比一比哪一组动作最快。
Eg：T：Thirteen, thirteen, Where is 13?
Ss：Thirteen，thirteen, Here it is.
3、同桌游戏(划拳)，两人各出示手指表示的数字再两个相加，谁先把答案说出来，谁就可赢得对方的卡片，看谁的卡片赢得的多为胜者，可用以下句型出示手指。
Eg：How many, how many fingers?
Five and seven is twelve. How old are you? How old are you? I’m____
四、Extension(拓展)
Talk about the picture
教师出示一幅课前画好的彩图(类似活动手册第16页，图的量还可加大，丰富一下，还加上风筝、白云、小鸟、花草等，把颜色、数字、动植物都画进去)。
教师引导学生就图展开讨论，教师先示范引导：Look this is a picture. Is it beautiful? What can you see? What colour? How many? ……
让学生先小组讨论时尽量运用所学句型，最后让几对学生到讲台前谈论图画，展示他们的讨论结果。教师可适时板书几个句子。
五、Homework(自选)
1、一：(1)模仿录音朗读3遍，并制作自己的英语录音专集。
(2)Listen and connect the dots.(听音连点)
2、二：Read, think and write.(看、想、填)
five fifteen six twelve eighteen
seventeen thirteen nine
3、三：Make a survey.(填写调查表，请用上How many…do you have?I have…。You have…)
板书设计：
Unit 1 …seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty!
A & B Let’s learn Let’s play
5+6=11 5+7=12 5+8=13 thirteen
4→14 fourteen
15 fifteen
6→16 sixteen
7→17 seventeen How many……?
18 eighteen They are……。
9→19 nineteen How nice!
20 twenty The orange one is a bird.
四年级英语第四单元教案
年级 初三
文件 middle3
标题 The World's Population
章节 第二十单元
关键词
一、教法建议
【 抛砖引玉 】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
population , billion , India , following , grow , beginning , century . UN , at the beginning of , the more developed countries , the less developed countries , the developing countries , in the year 2000 , hour after hour , on the earth
Ⅱ. 句型结构
What's the population of Germany ?
By what year will the world's population reach 6 billion ?
I didn't know that China's population would grow so fast .
We never asked what would happen to the world .
Ⅲ. 课文学习
本单元的中心话题是当代人类最为关注的人口问题，通过学习课文了解世界人口的状况
并学习过去将来时的用法。语法重点学习过去将来时。
【 指点迷津 】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . population 人口；人数
- What's the population of that city ? 那个城市的人口有多少 ?
- The city has a population of 300 , 3000 . 该市有30万人口。
The population of the city is less than / 200 , 000 . 此城的人口不到20万。
〖 点拨 〗population 作主语谓语通常用单数，但当其前面有百分数、分数修饰时，谓语用复数。have a population of 有……人口。问人口多少有 what 或者 how large 。
2 . following 接着的；以下的
He became quite well the following day . 第二天，他的身体便好了。
Please translate the following sentences into English .
3 . mouth 嘴
Open your mouth , please .
The boy filled his mouth with food .
His mouth is watering . 他在流口水。
〖 点拨 〗复数直接加 s 。have a dirty mouth 说脏话。from hand to mouth 勉强糊口。
4 . beginning 开始；开端
I've read the book from beginning to end . 我已把这本书从头到尾读完了。
The beginning of the book is interesting . 这本书开头很有趣。
Good beginning is half done . 良好的开端是成功的一半。 ( 谚语 )
He came back at the beginning of the school term . 这学期开始时他回来了。
〖 点拨 〗from beginning to end 从头到尾。
5 . century 世纪；百年
The church is some centuries old . 这座教堂已有数百年的历史了。
6 . by 到……为止 ( 指时间 ) ，不迟于
I'll finish the work by this week . 在本周末前我将把工作完成。
He can't get here by 5 0'clock . 五点钟之前他到不了这里。
This work must be finished by the end of this month .
〖 点拨 〗by the end of 到……末端为止，by the way 顺便说一下。
单元词组思维运用
1 . on earth 在地球上
Two thousand years ago , there were only 250 million people on the earth . 两千年前，地球上只有两亿五千万人。
We live on the earth , but in the future some will be able to live on the moon . 我们生活在地球上，将来有些人可能生活在月球上。
注意on earth 是“世界上；究竟”。如：
What on earth do you mean ? 你究竟是什么意思 ?
He is the greatest man on earth . 他是世界上最伟大的人。
2 . hour after hour 一小时接着一小时，不停地
If the population goes on hour after hour , it will be the biggest problem in our country . 如果人口一小时又一小时地继续增长下去，它将成为我国最大的问题。
So it goes on , hour after hour . In one day , people have to find food for over 250 , 000 mouths more . 随着一小时又一小时地过去，仅在一天内，人们就必须提供25万人吃的食物。
They worked on hour after hour and never left tired . 他们不停地工作，从不感到累。
类似词组还有：day after day 一天又一天 / year after year 一年又一年
3 . at the beginning of 在……初期；在……开头
At the beginning of the twentieth century , the world's population was about 1 , 700 million . 在20世纪初，世界人口大约17亿。
You can find the sentence at the beginning of this chapter . 在这一章的开头你能发现那个句子。
注意at the beginning 是“开始，开头”。如：
At the beginning he wasn't interested in maths . 起初他对数学不感兴趣。
4 . at the end of 在……的末尾；在……的尽头
At the end of the road you'll see the hospital .
At the end of his journey , he went to Shanghai . 在旅行快要结束时，他去了上海。
At the end of 1979 , he came back from Japan . 在1979年末，他从日本回来。
5 . some day 总有一天，有朝一日
Some day you will be sorry about it .
6 . faster and faster 越来越快
The world's population is growing faster and faster . 世界人口增长得越来越快。
注意“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”。又如：
She's getting thinner and thinner . 她越来越瘦了。
7 . no more than 只有，仅有
We have walked on more than ten miles . 我们走了顶多只有10英里。
It took her no more than an hour to write the article . 她仅仅花了一小时就写完了那篇文章。
辨析：not more than 的意思是“至多”，“不超过”。试比较：
There are no more than five students in the classroom . 教室里顶多只有五个学生。 ( 强调“人少”的意思 )
There are not more than five student in the classroom . 教室里的学生不超过五人。 ( 强调“不超过”的意思 )
二、学海导航
【 学法指要 】
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1 . 以介词开头的特殊疑问句句型
By what year will the world's population reach 6 billion ? 到哪一年，世界人口将达到六十亿 ?
介词 by 在此表示“到 ( 什么时候 ) 为止”。在特殊疑问句中，当疑问句作介词宾语时，有时可将介词放在句首。又如：
By whom is the book written ?
At what time did you tell him to meet us ?
From which library did you borrow the book ?
To whom were you talking ?
2 . 不定式作定语的句型
There will not be enough space even to stand in on the earth . 就是在地球上站着，也不会有足够的地方了。
不定式 even to stand in 用作定语，修饰 space . 注意，stand 是不及物动词。当不定式是不及物动词而作定语修饰名词时，它后面就应有必要的介词。如本句型中的 in 。又如：
He still had no house to live in . 他仍然没有房子住。
There is nothing ( for us ) to worry about . 没有什么值得发愁的。
He is a very nice person to work with . 他是一个很好共事的人。
3. the world’s population 世界人口
( 1 ) population 常用来表示一个地区、一个城市、一个国家的总人口数，当 population在句中作主语时，它后面的动词应该用单数形式。如：
What's the population of the world ? 全世界有多少人 ?
Wuhan has a population of about seven million . 武汉大约有七百万人。
( 2 ) people 常用来表示一个较小范围内的具体人数。如：
About two hundred people came to that meeting .
4 . 英语中数词的读法
( 1 ) 大家知道，数字每隔三位数就有一个分节号，分节以后，各节就成了101 - 999第三位数了。第一分节号前是 thousand ( 千 ) ，第二个分节号前是 million ( 百万 ) ，第三个分节号前是 thousand million ( 英国读法 ) 或 billion ( 美国读法 ) ( 十亿 ) 。读的时候十位数 ( 或个位数 ) 的前面一般要加 and ( 也可不加 ) 。因此，333 333 333 读作：three hundred ( and ) thirty - three million , three hundred ( and ) thirty - three thousand , three hundred and thirty - three
( 2 ) 英语没有单独表示“万”和“亿”的词，所以：
10 000 ( 一万 ) 读作：ten thousand
10 000 ( 十万 ) 读作：one hundred thousand
10 000 000 ( 一千万 ) 读作：ten million
100 000 000 ( 一亿 ) 读作：one hundred million
5 . About eighty - one million 是 The population of Germany ( 或 It ) is about eighty - one million 的简略形式。
6 . … and find out the answers to these questions . ……并找出这些问题的答案。
( 1 ) 辨义：find 与 find out
find 多用于直观所“发现”或“找到”的东西；find out 则强调通过思索、调查等所发现的事物。例如：
I haven't found my pen yet .
We must find out the result of the thing .
( 2 ) 句中的介词 to 表示一种对应或配套关系，不可用介词 of 。例如：
This is the key to the front door . 这是前门的钥匙。
Where is the monument to Liu Hunan ? 刘胡兰纪念碑在哪里 ?
7 . Standing room only 只有立足之地
room 在这里意为“空间，地方”，为不可数名词。例如：
The bed takes up too much room .
8 . By what year will the world's population reach 6 billion ? 到哪一年，世界人口将达到60亿 ?
( 1 ) by“到……止；不迟于”。例如：
By the end of last year , they had learned about one thousand English words .
I'll be back by ten o'clock . 我将10点钟以前返回。
比较：I'll be back at about ten o'clock . 我将于10点左右返回。
( 2 ) 在特殊疑问句中，当疑问词作介词宾语时，有时将该介词置于疑问词前。例如：
With whom were you talking just now ? 刚才你和谁交谈 ?
From which library did you borrow the book ? 你从哪个图书馆借的这本书 ?
9 . Maybe you think that isn't many . 可能你认为174个婴儿并不多。
名右的 that 代替前面提到的 174 babies，这是一个具体的 number ( 数字 ) ，作为一个整体，代词用 that 而不用 those 。例如：
He's learned about five thousand English words . That's really a big number .
The child has learnt hundreds of English words . That isn't easy for him .
10 . So it goes on , hour after hour . 人口出生就这样一小时一小时的延续下去。
( 1 ) so“如此”的意思。it 指上文提到的人口出生。
( 2 ) go on “继续不断”的意思。可作及物或不及物动词词组用。例如：
The work went on well . 工作进行得很好。
Peter went on doing his homework though he was tired .
( 3 ) hour after hour “一小时接一小时。例如：
day after day 一天天 ，year after year 一年又一年
11 . In one day , people have to find food over 250 000 mouths more . 每过一天，人们就不得不为增加的25万多张嘴寻找食物。
( 1 ) 句中的 in 与表示“所用的”时间连用。例如：
She finished reading the book in a week . 她用一星期时间看完了这本书。
( 2 ) 介词短语 over 250 000 mouths more 是介词 for 的宾语。例如：
250 000 mouths more“多25万张嘴”。注意这种表达结构，其中的 more 表示数量的增多。例如：
We don't hear clearly . Please read the text once more .
They've learned about one thousand English wors . And we've learned two hundred more . 他们学了约 1000 个英语单词，我们还多学了 200 个。
( 4 ) 介词 over 可作“多于”、“超过”之意。例如：
It cost me over ten yuan .
12 . Just think how many more there will be in one year ! 想想看吧，在一年时间里将会增加多少人 !
( 1 ) just 常与祈使句连用。例如：
Just come here a moment . 请到这儿来一下。
( 2 ) How many more there will be in one year 是动词 think 的宾语从句。
13 . The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today . 人口问题可能是当今世界最严重的问题。
( 1 ) the greatest one 即 the greatest problem , one 为代词。
( 2 ) 介词短语 of the world today 是 one 的定语。
14 . The world's population is growing faster and faster . 世界人口增长得越来越快。
( 1 ) grow 意为“增长，增大”。句中用进行时 is growing , 很好地表达了当今世界的人口状况。
( 2 ) faster and faster 是副词重叠，修饰 is growing，作状语。副词和形容词比较级的这种重叠使用，相当于汉语的“越来越……”。例如：
The train ran faster and faster . 火车开得越来越快。
15 . But at the beginning of the twentieth century …，然而在二十世纪初……
at the beginning of…“在……之初”。例如：
At the beginning of the class , the teacher drew a picture on the blackboard .
在开始上课的时候，老师在黑板上画了幅画。
16 . A Un report says that world population will pass six billion by the end of the twentieth century . 一份联合国报告表明，到二十世纪末，全球人口将超过60亿。
( 1 ) Un＝ ( the ) United Nations“联合国”
( 2 ) pass 意为“超过”。例如：
Run faster , or Li Ming will pass you .
( 3 ) pass 通常还作“通过”、“经过”之意。例如：
We all passed the exam last week .
17 . People say that by the year 2010 , it may be seven billion . 人们说，到 2010 年，世界人口可能达到 70 亿。
( 1 ) by“到……为止，不迟于”。
( 2 ) 句中的 2010 是 the year 的同位语。例如：
the year 1949 一九四九年，the year 1997 一九九七年也可说 the year of 1949 , the year of 1997
这里的介词 of 表示同位关系。
18 . There will not be enough space for anybody else . 再也没有足够的空间来容纳任何其他的人了。
anybody 为不定代词，副词 else 修饰不定代词必须后置。
19 . the more developed countries 比较发达的国家
the less developed countries 不太发达的国家
20 . Which country has the larger population , Canada or Australia ? 哪个国家人口多些，加拿大还是澳大利亚 ?
population 一词指的是总人口 ( 见本单元 1 ) ，所以，说人口多就用 large population 或 big population , 反之就用 small population 。
21 . population ( in hundred million ) 人口 ( 以亿为单位 )
介词 in 表示“用……方式”。例如：
( 1 ) Answer my question in English , please ?
( 2 ) Look , the students are standing there in rows .
22 . There will not be enough space even to stand in on the earth . 地球上将连站立的空间都不够。
( 1 ) 不定式 even to stand in 是 space 的定语，而 space 在逻辑上 ( 或意义上 ) 则是介词 in 的宾语。这种结构中的介词是不能没有的，因为 stand 是不及物动词，不能接宾语，要特别注意。
我们可以说 stand in space 而不能说 stand space 。
( 2 ) 当上面结构中不定式的动词是及物动词时，则不能用介词。例如：
I've some important letters to write .
23 . 同义词 hear 与 listen 的区别。
hear 与 listen 这两个词都是动词，都有“听”的意思。但意思有区别，用法也不同。
hear 是及物动词，表示“听见”，“蝗到”，可能是有意识的听，也可能是无意误解的听。
Louder , please , I can't hear you .
We heard someone laughing in the next room .
hear 还可作不及物动词，后接 of ( about ) 表示“听别人说” ( 指间接听到 ) ；后接from 意 思是“收到 ( 某人 ) 的来信”。如：
I have never heard of such a thing . 我从未听说过这种事。
Have you still not heard from him ? 你还没有收到的来信吗 ?
listen 是不及物动词，表示有意识或注意地“听”，交不说明是否听见的结果；必须加 to 才能接宾语。如：
He often listens to news on radio .
I listened but heard nothing . 我注意听了，但什么也没听见。
24 . 相似词 after , in , later 的区别
after 作介词表示在“某时间之后”， ( 1 ) 它可以表示“在过去的一段时间之间”。 ( 2 ) after 后面不用将来时，而是用现在时态表示将来的含义。如：
She went after three days . 她是三天后走的。
I'll phone you after I arrive . ( or : after I have arrived . ) 我到了之后，给你打电话。
但不说：She will go after three days .
也不说：I'll phone you after I'll arrive .
in 表示从现在起，将来的某时间之后。如：
I will come and see you in five days . 五天以后我来看你。
later 用作副词，常用在过去时的句子中，表示“一段时间之后”。如：
She came a few minutes later . 她几分种后就来了。
later 也可用在一般将来时中。如：
You will realize your mistake later .
你以后会认识到你的错误。
I shall call on you three months later .
三个月后我来看望你。
25 . 同义词 field , ground , earth , land 的区别
( 1 ) field ( 土地，田地 ) ，指可以耕种和种植农作物的土地。
The peasants are working in the fields .
( 2 ) ground ( 地，土地，地面 ) ，主要指大地、陆地的表面，也可以指土壤、场
地、泥土。指陆地时，土地、沙地、水泥地都可用这个词。
The little boy was lying on the ground .
( 3 ) earth ( 土，土地，泥土，地面 ) ，可用作“大地”，以别于天空。用作“地面”，以别于海、洋、大气和天空。还可用作“泥土”，以别于坚硬的岩石。earth 还可作“地球”解。如：
The house is built of earth . 这房子是用土筑成的。
The earth is bigger than the moon . 地球比月亮大。
( 4 ) land ( 土地，地面，田地 ) ，作陆地、大地讲时，是河流、海洋的相对用词。用以指土地或土壤时，着重指它的性质、用途，即可耕种的田地。如：
Are you going by land or by sea ? 你走陆路或是海路 ?
Fish cannot live on land . 鱼不能在陆地上生活。
He owns a lot of land , but he never works on the land . 他拥有许多土地，但他从不耕作。
26 . 数字表达法
注意英语和汉语在表示数字上的异同：
英语和汉语在表示“百”、“千”、“百万”、“十亿”时分别有相应的单词，如 hundred ( 百 ) ，thousand ( 千 ) ，million ( 百万 ) ，billion ( 十亿 ) 。但在英语中，没有单独的词表示“万”和“十万”，而要用“ten thousand”表示“万”，用“one hundred thousand”表示“十万”。例如：
数字 汉语 英语
100 一百 one hundred
1 000 一千 one thousand
10 000 一万 ten thousand
100 000 十万 one hundred thousand
1 000 000 一百万 one million
10 000 000 一千万 ten million
100 000 000 一亿 one hundred million
1 000 000 000 十亿 one billion
1 200 000 000 十二亿 one billion and two hundred million
【 妙文赏析 】
A Foolish Man Buys Shoes
There was once a foolish man . One day he wanted to go to the market to buy a new pair of shoes . He first measured his feet with a ruler and then took a piece of thread the length of his feet on it . He was in such a hurry to set off that he left the thread of home .
At the market , when arriving at a shoe store , he felt in his pockets , but he only found that thread wasn't in . So he said to the shop assistant in a regretful voice , “I've left my measurement at home , so I don't know the size , I'll have to go back for it . ”With these words , he hurried off .
He hurried home for the thread and then ran back to the market . It took him a lot of time in the trip home and back . By the time he reached the market , it was almost dark and the market was already over . He had gone to all this trouble for nothing , failing to buy the shoes .
Then someone asked him , “Do you want to buy the shoes for yourself or for someone else ? ”
“For myself , of course ! ”he answered .
The man asked him , “Well , but haven't you brought your feet with you ? What do you need to bring the measurement for ? ”
【 思维体操 】
Ⅰ . 考考你的智力，请作出正确的选择
1 . Which of the five designs is least like the other four ?
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
2 . If you rearrange the letters in “NAICH , ”you would have the name of a ( n ) :
COUNTRY OCEAN STATE CRRY ANIMAL
( a ) (b) (c) (d) (e)
3 . Jack is 15 years old , three times as old as his sister . How old will Jack be when he is twice as old as his sister ?
18 20 24 26 30
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
答案： 1 . E All the other figures are symmetrical . 2 . A“NAICH”→“CHINA . ” 3 . Jack is ten years older than his sister . In five years Jack will be 20 , and his sister who is now 5 will be 10 .
三、智能显示
【 心中有数 】
单元语法发散思维
过去将来时态
过去将来时的动词表示对过去某一时间来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态。这个时态常用在宾语从句中。过去将来时有以下几种形式：
1. should / would + 动词原形
He said he would be there before Sunday . 他说他星期天以前将在那里。 ( be 动词肯定式 )
I hoped I should not go the next week . 我希望下星期我不去。 ( do 动词的否定式 )
注意这个时态是一个相对的时态，立足于过去某时，从过去的观点看未来。
2. was / were going + 动词不定式
过去将来时的这种表达形式可以表示过去曾经打算或计划准备要做的事。如：
They told me that they were going to have a picnic . 他们告诉我他们将要举行一次野餐。
They were going to have a meeting . 他们曾经打算开个会。
过去将来时的这种形式可以表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的事，但未实现的动作。
I was just going to ring him up when he came . 我刚要给他打电话，他就来了。 ( 电话没打成 )
有时也用 was / were + coming 表示过去将来时，如：
I didn't know when they were coming again .
3. was / were + 动词不定式
was / were about + 动词不定式
Mary was to meet Jack at the street corner . 玛丽将在街道拐角处同杰克见面。
We were about to leave when the telephone rang . 我们正要走，电话铃响了。
【 动手动脑 】
单元能力立体检测
Ⅰ. 给下列短文每空一个词
I'm glad that I have two good friends . Jack is the ( 1 ) diligent ( 勤奋 ) of them and in fact the ( 2 ) diligent student in my class . He does well in maths . But at first his English was ( 3 ) poorer than mine . He had more English grammar books than ( 4 ) else , but he didn't read or speak often . So my spoken English was much ( 5 ) than his , with the help of the teacher and the classmate , he has spoken even ( 6 ) English than I ( 7 ) the beginning of last term . Many say that my English is not ( 8 ) good as his now . My elder sister says that I must learn from Jack and study ( 9 ) hard ( 10 ) he does .
Ⅱ. 改写句子 ( 在改写后的句子空白处填入一个适当的英语单词，使句意合乎要求或
与原文相符 )
1 . You don't like singing . He doesn't like singing , either .
_____ you _____ he _____ singing .
2 . He is as friendly to us as before .
He is _____ _____ as _____ _____ us as before .
3 . What's the population of that country ?
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in that country ?
4 . There are over 60 students in our class .
There are ______ ______ 60 students in our class .
5 . Why did you go to that factory ?
______ did you go to that factory ______ ?
6 . I think you are wrong .
I ______ ______ you are ______ .
7 . He is tired , I'm tired , too .
He is tired , ______ ______ I .
Ⅲ . 补全对话
Mary : Hello ! ( 1 ) I speak to Allan ?
Mrs Black : Sorry , Allan isn't in . This is Mrs Black speaking , Who's ( 2 ) ?
Mary : ( 3 ) is Mary , Mrs Black . I called at four thirty this afternoon . but ( 4 ) was in .
Mrs Black : Oh , we were all out . I ( 5 ) back just now . Can ( 6 ) take a message for John ?
Mary : Yes , of course . Please tell John that all the English - Chinese dictionary are sold ( 7 ) . I will ( 8 ) him one . I have been busy these days . I have ( 9 ) important to do today . Would you please tell him to come and get my dictionary ?
Mrs Black : OK .
Mary : Thanks a lot . Good - bye !
Mrs Black : ( 10 )
答案：Ⅰ . 1 . more 2 . most 3 . much 4 . anyone 5 . better 6 . more 7 . since 8 . as 9 . as 10 . as Ⅱ . 1 . Neither , nor , likes 2 . getting on , well , with 3 . How many people are there 4 . more than 5 . What , for 6 . don't think right 7 . So am Ⅲ . 1 . May Could 2 . that 3 . This 4 . nobody 5 . came 6 . I 7 . out 8 . lend 9 . something 10 . Bye - bye
【 创新园地 】
请开动脑筋把下面的名人论读书的格言译成中文
1 . Books are the ever - burning lamps of accumulated wisdom .
- G . W . Curlies
2 . That is a good book which is opened with expectation and closed with profit .
- L . W . Alcott
3 . A good book is the best of friends , the same today and for ever .
- M . Tupper
4 . The reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest men of past centuries .
- R . Descarles
5 . Histories make men wise , poems witty ; the mathematics subtile ; natural philosophy deep ; moral grave ; logic and rhetoric able to contend .
- F . Bacon
创新园地答案：
1 . 好书乃积累智慧之长明灯。 -- 寇第斯
2 . 好书使人开卷有所求，闭卷有所获。 -- 奥尔科特
3 . 好书如好友，友情永不渝。 -- 塔珀
4 . 阅读好书，就好比是同过去多少世纪最杰出的人们交谈。 -- 笛卡尔
5 . 读诗使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，
逻辑修辞学使人善辩。 -- 培根
【 同步题库 】
Ⅰ . 词汇知识
A ) 用英语写出下列数字的读法
1 . 3 , 333 ______________________
2 . 43 , 210 ______________________
3 . 501 , 522 ______________________
4 . 333 , 333 , 333 ______________________
5 . 6 , 232 , 456 , 101 ______________________
B ) 用括号中词语的正确形式填空
1 . Homework must be ______ on time . ( do )
2 . Man - made satellites have been sent up into space by many ______ . ( country )
3 . Sheep are kept by farmers for ______ wool and meat . ( produce )
4 . Do you enjoy ______ football ? ( play )
5 . Mary is made ______ her clothes by her mother . ( wash )
6 . They ______ here for more than twenty years . ( live )
7 . Neither you nor he ______ well . ( swim )
8 . The population may be the ______ one of the world today .
9 . At the ______ of the twentieth century the world's population was about 1 , 700 million . ( begin )
10 . What was the population of the ______ developed countries in 1950 ? ( much )
Ⅱ . 单项选择
1 . 1 , 988 , 356 in English is ______ .
A . one billion , nine million , eighty - eight thousand , three hundred and fifty - six .
B . one million , nine hundreds and eighty - eight thousands , three hundreds and fifty - six .
C . nineteen million , eighty - eight thousand , three hundred and fifty - six .
D . one million , nine hundred and eighty - eight thousand , three hundred and fifty - six .
2 . ____ is the population of France ?
A . What B . How many C . How much D . How many people
3 . It's too crowded in this house . There's no ____ for us .
A . rooms B . any space C . some place D . room
4 . After rest , we walked two hours ____ .
A . much more B . many C . more D . much
5 . I wanted to know what ____ him in twenty years .
A . will happen to B . happened with C . has happened at D . would happen to
6 . The world's population ____ faster and faster .
A . are growing on B . is turning C . is growing D . are getting
7 . The country is ____ than that one .
A . much developed B . much more develop C . developer D . more developed
8 . There will not be enough space for ____ in about 600 years .
A . anybody B . else somebody C . anybody else D . nobody else
9 . During these years , many doctors went to the ____ countries to help them .
A . not developed B . less developed C . no developing D . not much developed
10 . Three - fourths population of this country ____ farmers .
A . is B . are C . be D . to be
11 . The mother knew that she was going to ____ .
A . grow a baby B . have a baby C . produce a baby D . plant a baby
12 . ____ what year will the world's population reach six billion ?
A . To B . In C . By D . On
13 . China has ____ of more than 1 . 2 billion .
A . population B . populations C . a population D . the population
14 . The world's population is growing ____ than ever before .
A . more quicker B . much quickly C . much quickly D . more quickly
15 . During the last two years , they ____ many houses in their village .
A . will build B . have been built C . built D . have built
16 . I don't think there is enough space for you ____ ____ the earth .
A . stand , in B . standing , on C . to stank , at D . to stand , on
17 . ____ of this year , they went to Paris for a visit .
A . In the beginning B . On the begin C . At the beginning D . To the begins
18 . He came to borrow my car ____ , but I didn't lend it to him .
A . someday B . one day C . some day D . any day
19 . Go straight ahead , you'll find the library ____ of the street .
A . in the end B . to the end C . at the end D . by the end
20 . People landed on the moon for the first time in ____ .
A . 1969 years B . the year 1969 C . the year's 1969 D . 1969 of the years
21 . ____ I haven't been to France .
A . Since B . Then C . So far D . Just away
22 . The girl looks very ____ .
A . beautiful B . wonderfully C . carefully D . care
23 . ____ does he write well , ____ he also speaks well .
A . Not only , but B . not also , but C . Either , or D . Both , and
24 . What happened ____ Mr Green yesterday ?
A . for B . in C . at D . to
25 . There are a lot of trees on ____ side .
A . every B . neither C . either D . both
26 . China is a ____ country .
A . develop B . developed C . developing D . develops
27 . By the end of last year , I ____ 2 , 000 new words .
A . learnt B . had learned C . have learned D . learn
28 . He promised me that he ____ buy me a present .
A . should B . would C . shall D . will
29 . That city has a ____ population .
A . large B . much C . many D . little
30 . The teacher told us to read the ____ passage as quickly as we can .
A . follows B . followed C . follow D . follwoing
31 . Is there ____ room for her to stand in .
A . the B . a C . \\ D . an
32 . One day , people have to find food for over 250 , 000 ____ .
A . more mouths B . mouths more C . many mouths D . mouths many
33 . Who is the girl ____ red skirt ?
A . with B . from C . in D . on
34 . Class is over . Let's stop ____ .
A . have a rest B . to have a rest C . having a rest D . to having a rest
35 . Hurry up _____ you'll be late ____ school .
A . and , in B . but , at C . so , on D . or , for
Ⅲ . 完形填空 ( 单词的首字母已给出 )
Charles was eight and a half years old , and he went to a school near his house . He always went there and came home o ( 1 ) foot . He usually got back on t ( 2 ) . But last Friday he came home f ( 3 ) school late . His mother was in the kitchen . When she saw him , she said to him , “W ( 4 ) are you so late today , Charles ? ”
“My teacher was angry and s ( 5 ) me to the headmaster after our lesson . ”Charles answered .
“To the headmaster ? ”his mother said , “Why did she send you to him ? ”
“Because she asked a question in the class , ”Charles said , “and n ( 6 ) of the children gave her the answer e ( 7 ) me . ”
His mother was angry . “But why did the teacher send you to the headmaster then ? Why d ( 8 ) she send all the other fools to the headmaster ? ”she asked Charles . “W ( 9 ) was the question ? ”
“Her question was who put glue ( 胶水 ) o ( 10 ) my chair ? ”
Ⅳ . 阅读理解
In England nobody under the age of eighteen is permitted to drink in a bar .
Mr Pete liked going to the bar near his house . But he never took his son , Mike , because he was too young . One day when Mike had his eighteenth birthday , Mr Pete took him to the bar for the first time . They drank for about half an hour . And Mr Pete said to his son , “Now , Mike , I want to teach you something useful . You must always be careful not to drink too much . But how do you know that you have had enough ? Well , I will tell you . Do you see those two lights as the end of the bar ? When they become four , it means you have had too much , and you should go home . ”
“But , Dad , ”said Mike , “I can only see one light at the end of the bar , and do you think I am drinking too little ? ”
1 . ______ will be able to drink in the public places in England .
A . Nobody B . No children C . Only old people D . No young people
2 . Mr Pete told his son ______
A . that he was not old enough to drink too much
B . that nobody was allowed to drink too much
C . not too drink more than enough
D . that he should drink much if he wanted to go home
3 . The number of the lights at the end of the bar is ______ .
A . two B . four C . one D . sometimes two and sometimes four
4 . Mr Pete thought ______ .
A . he should not take his son to the bar B . he would no longer take his son to the bar
C . he hadn't drunk more than enough D . had drunk too much .
5 . This is ______ time for Mike to drink in a bar .
A . the first B . the second C . the third D . maybe the fifth
Ⅴ . 补全对话
A : Do you mind my ( 1 ) down here ?
B : Not ( 2 ) ( 3 ) . Do sit down , There's plenty of ( 4 ) .
A : Thank you . I guess you don't smoke , right ?
B : No .
A : May I open the window ?
B : Go ( 5 ) . The weather's great today , ( 6 ) it ?
A : Oh , yes . I hope the good weather will ( 7 ) .
B : You can never tell . It's so changeable ( 8 ) this time of year . Well , do you know when the train ( 9 ) New York arrives .
A : ( 10 ) , I don't know .
B : That's OK , I'll ask the front desk .
Ⅵ . 介词填空
1 . The boy helped the old lady ______ the street .
2 . Shut the door ______ you .
3 . Are you for it or ______ it .
4 . The car runs ______
5 . I met him yesterday , but I knew of him long ______ that .
6 . The temperature today is ______ freezing point .
7 . That will be bad ______ your health .
8 . Steel is made ______ iron .
9 . The house is ______ fire .
10 . The river flows ______ the town from west to east .
Ⅶ . 翻译句子
1 . 世界人口将到哪一年达到六十亿 ?
______ what year will the world's population ______ 6 billion ?
2 . 我们看见汽车一辆一辆地过去了，但没有一辆停下来。
We saw car ______ car go by but ______ stopped .
3 . 你练习得越多，你的英语就越好。
The ______ you practise , the better your English ______ be .
4 . 人口问题也许是当今世界最严重的问题。
The population ______ may be ______ greatest one of the world today .
5 . 我希望一切顺利。
I hope everything ______ ______ well .
答案：Ⅰ . A ) 1 . three thousand , three hundred and thirty - three 2 . forty - three thousand , two hundred and ten 3 . five hundred ( and ) one thousand , five hundred and twenty - two 4 . three hundred ( and ) thirty - three million , three hundred ( and ) thirty - three thousand , three hundred and thirty - three 5 . six billion , two hundred ( and ) thirty - two million , four hundred ( and ) fifty - six thousand , one hundred and one B ) 1 . done 2 . countries 3 . producing 4 . playing 5 . to wash 6 . have lived 7 . swims 8 . greatest 9 . beginning 10 . more Ⅱ . 1 . D 2 . A 3 . D 4 . C 5 . D 6 . C 7 . D 8 . C 9 . B 10 . B 11 . B 12 . C 13 . C 14 . D 15 . D 16 . D 17 . C 18 . B 19 . C 20 . B 21 . C 22 . A 23 . A 24 . D 25 . C 26 . C 27 . B 28 . B 29 . A 30 . D 31 . C 32 . B 33 . D 34 . B 35 . D Ⅲ . 1 . B 2 . C 3 . C 4 . C 5 . A Ⅳ . 1 . B 2 . C 3 . C 4 . C 5 . A Ⅴ . 1 . sitting 2 . at 3 . all 4 . room 5 . ahead 6 . isn't 7 . stay 8 . at 9 . from 10 . Sorry Ⅵ . 1 . across 2 . after 3 . against 4 . at 5 . before 6 . below 7 . for 8 . from 9 . on 10 . through Ⅶ . 1 . By , reach 2 . after , none 3 . more , will 4 . problem , the 5 . goes , on
六年级英语第四单元测试题
一、选不同类单词
4． to
5． plane
6．
9．
10．
二、选择题
1．What’s your hobby?
A．He is a student.
B．I’m reading a book.
C．I like listening to music.
D．I go to school on foot.
2．How are you?
A．Fine, thank you.
B．How are you?
C．Hello.
D．Nice to meet you.
3．Does your pen pal live in Beijing?
A．She is from USA.
B．She likes reading.
C．Yes, she does.
D．She can do the dishes.
4．What is Alice’s hobby?
A．She is a teacher.
B．She is listening to music.
C．She goes to work by car.
D．She likes fishing.
5．Good morning.
A．Hello.
B．Good morning.
C．How are you?
6．What can you do?
A．I get up early.
B．I have an apple.
C．I like singing.
D．I can cook meals.
7．Excuse me, where is the post office?
A．It’s next to the cinema.
B．You can take the bus.
C．I’ll go with you.
D．The bus station is over there.
8．Thank you.
A．No.
B．Thank you.
C．You are welcome.
D．It doesn’t matter.
9．How does your pen pal go to work?
A．He goes to work by bus.
B．He lives in Hangzhou.
C．He goes to bed at 10:..
D．He is tall.
10．Does your mother teach you English?
A．No, he isn’t.
B．She is kind.
C．She likes diving.
D．Yes, she does.
三、判断正确T错误F
It was Sunday. I never(从不) get up early on Sunday. Sometimes(有时) I stay in bed until(直到) lunch time. Last Sunday, I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. ‘What a day!’ I thought. ‘It’s raining again.’ Just then, the telephone rang. It’s my aunt Lucy. ‘I’ve just arrived by train,’ she said. ‘I’m coming to see you.’
‘But I’m still having breakfast,’ I said.
‘What are you doing?’ She asked.
‘I’m having breakfast,’ I repeated(重复).
‘Dear me,’ she said. ‘Do you always get up so late? It’s 1:00!’
1．I get up early on Sunday.
2．Aunt Lucy arrived by train. ( )
3．I’m having lunch when aunt Lucy called me. ( )
4．I’m having breakfast when aunt Lucy called me. ( )
5．Aunt Lucy was very surprised(吃惊). ( )
“书中自有千钟粟，书中自有颜如玉，书中自有黄金屋。”古人如此利诱着人们去读书。人们还常“开卷有益“。当今的大思想家们也个个赞誉读书的种种好处，把书籍比做人类的好友，比做面包，比做进步的阶梯。可见，读书是人们摆脱无知的工具，是人们净化自身的利器，是人们提高自我的捷径。
书籍汇集了人们的智慧，把先人的经验知识代代相传下去，使后人可以而且能够站在巨人的肩膀上看这个错综复杂的世界。书籍作为知识的载体，是人们文明的一个标点。
许许多多的读书人也是在通读先人或别作家的大量著作后，才有了自己的作品，逐渐形成了自己的行为风格。没有先人的积淀，没有通过大量阅读所形成的文化底蕴，你如何去发现新的东西?如何去看彻自己的清晰想法?正所谓”读书破万卷，下笔如有神“。
可是开卷有益吗?当然答案是否定的。一个人的生命是有限的，而读书是人们生活的一个重要的组成部分，是人们提高自身最为直接的途径。所以提倡：好读书，读好书!
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